A nurse is providing care to a client who practices Islam and is observing Ramadan. The nurse notes that the client has not eaten or drank anything since sunrise. What action should the nurse take?

Rationale: The nurse should respect the client's religious practice of fasting during Ramadan, which involves abstaining from food, fluids, medications, smoking, and sexual activity from dawn to dusk. However, the nurse should also consult with the health care provider about adjusting the medication schedule, as some medications may need to be taken with food or fluids or at specific times of the day.

Incorrect options:

A) Respect the client's religious practice and do not offer food or fluids - This is partially correct, as the nurse should respect the client's religious practice, but it is not enough. The nurse should also consult with the health care provider about adjusting the medication schedule, as some medications may need to be taken with food or fluids or at specific times of the day.

B) Educate the client about the importance of nutrition and hydration for health - This is inappropriate, as it may be perceived as disrespectful or insensitive to the client's religious practice. The nurse should not try to persuade the client to break their fast, unless there is a medical emergency or a serious risk to their health.

D) Report the client's behavior to the social worker or chaplain - This is unnecessary, as the client's behavior is not a problem or a concern, but a normal part of their religious practice. The nurse should not involve other professionals without the client's consent or request.

Rationale: The nurse should respect the client's identity and preferences and address them by their preferred name and pronouns, regardless of their legal name or biological sex. This demonstrates cultural competence and sensitivity and promotes a trusting relationship.

Incorrect options:

B) By their legal name and biological sex - This is an inappropriate way to address the client, as it disregards their identity and preferences and may cause distress or harm.

C) By a gender-neutral term such as "they" or "them" - This may be acceptable if the client has indicated that they prefer a gender-neutral term, but it should not be assumed without asking the client first.

D) By avoiding any direct reference to the client - This is an inappropriate way to address the client, as it implies that the nurse is uncomfortable or unwilling to acknowledge the client's identity and may create a barrier to communication and care.