A nurse is providing education about leukemia to a group of nursing students. Which statement by a student indicates a correct understanding of the pathophysiology of leukemia?

A) This choice is incorrect because bone marrow suppression would lead to decreased production of blood cells but may not directly cause bone pain and tenderness.

B) This choice is incorrect because excessive calcium levels in the blood would not be a common cause of bone pain and tenderness in leukemia.

C) This choice is incorrect because rapid growth of bone tissue would not be a typical cause of bone pain and tenderness in leukemia.

D) This choice is correct. Bone pain and tenderness in leukemia are often caused by the accumulation of leukemic cells in the bones. These abnormal cells infiltrate the bone marrow and bone tissue, leading to pain and tenderness.

A) This choice is incorrect because mild redness and tenderness at the IV site are common findings and may indicate a local inflammatory response to the IV infusion.

B) This choice is incorrect because a temperature of 99.8°F (37.7°C) is slightly elevated but not a critical finding. The client's healthcare provider should be notified if the temperature is significantly elevated or if other symptoms are present.

C) This choice is incorrect because a small amount of blood in the IV tubing may be due to a minor infiltration or a common occurrence during IV administration. However, the nurse should monitor the IV site and flow rate closely.

D) This choice is correct. Crackles and decreased breath sounds on auscultation may indicate fluid overload or pulmonary edema, which could be a severe complication of IV chemotherapy. The healthcare provider should be notified immediately to assess the client's respiratory status and provide appropriate intervention.

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