A nurse is providing education and training for a group of community health workers on how to recognize and respond to child abuse and neglect. The nurse asks the participants to share some examples of child maltreatment that they have encountered or witnessed in their work. One of the participants says, "I once saw a child who had bruises and cuts all over his body. His parents said he was clumsy and fell a lot. I didn't think much of it at the time, but now I wonder if he was being abused." Which of the following statements should the nurse make to respond to this participant?

The correct answer is D. The number of children and families who did not experience any recurrence of maltreatment after completing the program is an outcome that directly reflects the goal of tertiary prevention, which is to reduce the negative consequences of maltreatment and prevent its recurrence by providing specialized treatment and support services for children and families who have been affected by abuse or neglect. Choice A is an output indicator that measures how many people were reached by the program, but not how effective it was. Choice B is a process indicator that measures how satisfied people were with the program, but not how beneficial it was. Choice C is an outcome indicator that measures how much people improved in their well-being after completing the program, but not how much they reduced their risk of maltreatment.

Choice A Reason: This is an incorrect answer. This is an output indicator that measures how many people were reached by the program, but not how effective it was.

Choice B Reason: This is an incorrect answer. This is a process indicator that measures how satisfied people were with the program, but not how beneficial it was.

Choice C Reason: This is an incorrect answer. This is an outcome indicator that measures how much people improved in their well-being after completing the program, but not how much they reduced their risk of maltreatment.

Choice D Reason: This is the correct answer. This is an outcome indicator that directly reflects the goal of tertiary prevention, which is to reduce the negative consequences of maltreatment and prevent its recurrence by providing specialized treatment and support services for children and families who have been affected by abuse or neglect.

The correct answers are A, B, C, and E. These are examples of secondary prevention, which aims to identify and intervene with children and families who are at risk of or have experienced maltreatment by providing early detection, screening, assessment, referral, treatment, and follow-up services. Choice D is an example of primary prevention, which aims to prevent child abuse and neglect from occurring in the first place by addressing the risk factors and enhancing the protective factors at individual, family, community, and societal levels.

Choice A Reason: This is a correct answer. This is an example of secondary prevention, which aims to identify children who are at risk of or have experienced maltreatment by using validated tools.
Choice B Reason: This is a correct answer. This is an example of secondary prevention, which aims to intervene with children and families who need further evaluation or intervention by providing referral services.
Choice C Reason: This is a correct answer. This is an example of secondary prevention, which aims to identify children who are at risk of or have experienced maltreatment by providing education and training for teachers and staff on how to recognize and respond to child abuse and neglect.
Choice D Reason: This is an incorrect answer. This is an example of primary prevention, not secondary prevention.
Choice E Reason: This is a correct answer. This is an example of secondary prevention, which aims to intervene with children who have been affected by abuse or neglect by providing support groups and peer mentoring.