A nurse is assessing a client with suspected congestive heart failure. Which symptom is the classic hallmark of left-sided heart failure?

Ascites

Dependent edema

Crackles in the lungs

Jugular vein distention

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A) This choice is incorrect because ascites (abdominal swelling due to fluid accumulation) is a sign of right-sided heart failure, not left-sided heart failure.

B) This choice is incorrect because dependent edema (swelling in the legs and ankles) is also a sign of right-sided heart failure, not left-sided heart failure.

C) This choice is correct. Crackles in the lungs, also known as rales, are the classic hallmark of left-sided heart failure. They occur when fluid accumulates in the lungs, leading to abnormal lung sounds on auscultation.

D) This choice is incorrect because jugular vein distention is associated with right-sided heart failure, not left-sided heart failure.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because hypertension is not a common side effect of digoxin. Digoxin is used to treat heart failure and can help control blood pressure in some cases.

B) This choice is incorrect because hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels) is not a common side effect of digoxin. In fact, digoxin can sometimes cause hypokalemia (low potassium levels) as a side effect.

C) This choice is correct. Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is a common side effect of digoxin. Digoxin works by increasing the force of the heart's contractions and can slow down the heart rate. Clients taking digoxin should have their heart rate monitored regularly, and the healthcare provider should be notified if the heart rate is below the prescribed parameters.

D) This choice is incorrect because respiratory alkalosis is not a common side effect of digoxin. Digoxin does not directly affect the respiratory system.

Questions

A. "CHF is primarily caused by infections and viral illnesses." B. "The leading causes of CHF are hypertension and coronary artery disease." C. "CHF is often a result of excessive physical exertion and overworking the heart." D. "The main cause of CHF is anemia and low red blood cell count."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because while infections and viral illnesses can contribute to heart failure in some cases, they are not the leading causes of CHF. Hypertension and coronary artery disease are more common risk factors.

B) This choice is correct. Hypertension (high blood pressure) and coronary artery disease (narrowing or blockage of the heart's blood vessels) are the leading causes of CHF. Both conditions place increased stress on the heart and can lead to heart muscle damage and failure.

C) This choice is incorrect because while excessive physical exertion and overworking the heart can contribute to heart failure, they are not the primary causes of CHF. Underlying conditions like hypertension and coronary artery disease are more significant risk factors.

D) This choice is incorrect because anemia and low red blood cell count can impact heart function, but they are not the main causes of CHF. Hypertension and coronary artery disease are more commonly associated with the development of CHF.

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A nurse is assessing a client with suspected congestive heart failure. Which symptom is the classic hallmark of left-sided heart failure?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with congestive heart failure is prescribed digoxin. The nurse should monitor the client for which common side effect of this medication?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with congestive heart failure. The client asks, "What are the most common causes of CHF?" How should the nurse respond?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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