A nurse is providing medication education to clinicians who provide care at a local community health center.
A small number of clients who regularly attend the community center identify as being part of an underrepresented culture.
Which of the following benefits does the provision of culturally competent care provide to the client?

Choice A rationale

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is a condition that can occur in newborns, especially those born to mothers with gestational diabetes. However, there is no information in the question indicating that the mother had gestational diabetes. Therefore, while hypoglycemia is a possible complication for newborns, it is not the most likely complication in this case based on the information provided.

Choice B rationale

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a group of problems that occur in a newborn who was exposed to addictive opiate drugs while in the mother’s womb. NAS can occur when a pregnant woman takes drugs such as heroin, codeine, oxycodone (Oxycontin), methadone, or buprenorphine. These and other substances pass through the placenta that connects the baby to its mother in the womb and can cause the baby to become dependent on the drug. In this case, the mother’s urine toxicology screen was positive for cocaine and marijuana, both of which are illicit drugs. This puts the newborn at risk for developing NAS2.

Choice C rationale

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a breathing disorder that affects newborns. RDS is more common in premature babies because their lungs aren’t fully developed. However, the newborn in the question was born at 38 weeks gestation, which is considered full term. Therefore, while RDS is a possible complication for newborns, it is not the most likely complication in this case based on the information provided.

Choice D rationale

Neonatal jaundice is a condition that can occur in newborns due to high levels of bilirubin, a yellow pigment produced during normal breakdown of red blood cells. In older babies and adults, the liver processes bilirubin, which then passes from the body through the stool and urine. However, a newborn’s still-developing liver may not be mature enough to remove this bilirubin. While neonatal jaundice is a common condition, there is no information in the question indicating that the newborn is at risk for developing this complication.

Choice A rationale

The term “passenger” in the context of the 5 P’s of labor refers to the fetus. The size, presentation, and position of the fetus can all affect the progress of labor. However, the provider’s comment about there being “plenty of room in the pelvis” does not directly relate to the fetus, so this is not the correct answer.

Choice B rationale

The term “passageway” refers to the birth canal, which includes the pelvis. The size and shape of the pelvis can greatly impact the progress of labor. If the provider comments that there is “plenty of room in the pelvis,” they are likely referring to the passageway. Therefore, this is the correct answer.

Choice C rationale

The term “powers” refers to the contractions during labor. The frequency, duration, and intensity of contractions can affect the progress of labor. However, the provider’s comment about there being “plenty of room in the pelvis” does not directly relate to contractions, so this is not the correct answer.

Choice D rationale

The term “position” refers to the mother’s position during labor. Different positions can help facilitate the progress of labor and can help with pain management. However, the provider’s comment about there being “plenty of room in the pelvis” does not directly relate to the mother’s position, so this is not the correct answer.