A nurse is providing teaching to an adolescent who has vulvovaginitis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

A. "Surgical repair is the recommended treatment for infants younger than 6 months old." For infants with coarctation of the aorta, especially those under 6 months, surgical repair is typically the preferred treatment. It offers definitive correction of the obstruction and helps prevent complications like heart failure or hypertension.

B. "The obstruction will be treated with a medication called indomethacin.": Indomethacin is used to close a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), not to treat coarctation of the aorta. In fact, in some cases of coarctation, maintaining ductal patency with prostaglandins is temporarily helpful before surgery.

C. "Most cases resolve spontaneously without treatment by 12 months of age.": Coarctation of the aorta does not resolve on its own. Without intervention, it can lead to severe complications including congestive heart failure, poor perfusion, and even death.

D. "The cardiologist will monitor your infant closely until they are able to receive treatment with a heart transplant.": A heart transplant is not a standard treatment for coarctation of the aorta. Most infants with this condition are treated successfully with surgical or catheter-based interventions, not transplantation.

A. Withholding insulin when the child has a poor appetite can lead to hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis since insulin is still needed during illness even if intake is reduced. Illness typically increases stress hormones, which raise blood glucose levels, making insulin even more necessary.

B. Offering 20 grams of carbohydrates every 2 hours might not be sufficient or appropriate for all children; carbohydrate intake should be balanced with insulin and blood glucose monitoring. Proper carbohydrate intake helps maintain energy and prevent hypoglycemia, especially if the child is eating less than usual.

C. Increasing fluid intake is important during illness to prevent dehydration and help manage blood glucose levels, as illness can cause increased glucose levels and fluid loss. Adequate hydration also supports kidney function and helps flush excess glucose from the bloodstream.

D. Monitoring blood glucose every 8 hours is too infrequent during illness; blood glucose should be checked every 3 to 4 hours to detect and manage hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia promptly. Frequent monitoring allows timely insulin dose adjustments and early intervention.