A nurse is reinforcing teaching to the family of a client who has Parkinson's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Limit the client's physical activity.
Provide the client a cane.
Offer the client 3 large meals a day.
Speak loudly to the client.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Limiting the client's physical activity is not recommended for clients with Parkinson's disease. Physical activity, including exercises to improve strength, balance, and flexibility, is essential to manage symptoms and maintain mobility.
B. Providing the client a cane is appropriate. A cane can help with balance and stability, especially as the client experiences motor symptoms such as rigidity and bradykinesia. It can reduce the risk of falls.
C. Offering the client 3 large meals a day is not ideal. Smaller, more frequent meals are recommended for clients with Parkinson's disease, as they may experience difficulty swallowing, digestion issues, or a reduced appetite.
D. Speaking loudly to the client is not necessary unless the client has difficulty hearing. It is more important to speak clearly and at a normal volume, as clients with Parkinson's disease may have issues with speech (e.g., soft or slurred speech).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Sleeping more during the day than nighttime is not a typical manifestation of primary dementia. While changes in sleep patterns can occur in individuals with dementia, the hallmark features are related to cognitive decline and memory loss, not excessive daytime sleep.
B. Forgetfulness gradually progressing to disorientation is a classic manifestation of primary dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease. This condition is characterized by progressive memory loss, confusion, and eventually, disorientation.
C. Temporary, reversible loss of brain function is not characteristic of primary dementia. Dementia is typically a progressive and irreversible decline in cognitive function, with symptoms worsening over time.
D. Hypervigilant behaviors are not typically associated with primary dementia. Instead, individuals with dementia may experience confusion, apathy, or withdrawal, but hypervigilance is more commonly associated with conditions such as anxiety or paranoia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The client should not sit upright in a chair for prolonged periods (such as 4 hours at a time) immediately following spinal fusion, as this could place excessive strain on the surgical site. The client should be assisted to sit upright for short periods and be repositioned regularly.
B. Clear drainage on the spinal dressing could indicate cerebrospinal fluid leakage, which is a concern following spinal surgery. The nurse should expect minimal to no drainage, and if clear fluid is observed, it should be reported immediately.
C. Elevating the client's legs when lying on his side may not be necessary unless specifically ordered by the healthcare provider. In general, the client should maintain proper body alignment and avoid any positions that strain the surgical site.
D. Log rolling is a critical intervention for spinal fusion patients to prevent twisting of the spine. The nurse should assist the client in log rolling every 2 hours to maintain spinal alignment and prevent injury to the surgical site.
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