A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse who is caring for a client who has AIDS. The nurse should instruct the newly licensed nurse to clean spills of the client's blood with a solution of water and which of the following cleaning agents?
Isopropyl alcohol
Bleach
Hydrogen peroxide
Chlorhexidine
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
Isopropyl alcohol is the appropriate cleaning agent. While alcohol can be used as a disinfectant for some purposes, it might not be as effective as bleach against bloodborne pathogens like HIV. Bleach is generally recommended for disinfection in this context.
Choice B Reason:
Bleach is recommendable. Bleach is effective in disinfecting surfaces contaminated with bloodborne pathogens, including HIV. It's recommended for cleaning and disinfecting areas contaminated with blood as it can effectively kill many pathogens, including viruses like HIV. The standard recommendation is to create a solution of bleach and water to clean surfaces contaminated with blood.
Choice C Reason:
Hydrogen peroxide is not recommendable. Hydrogen peroxide has some disinfectant properties, but bleach is more effective against bloodborne pathogens like HIV when used to clean contaminated surfaces.
Choice D Reason:
Chlorhexidine is not appropriate. Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic commonly used for skin disinfection before procedures. While it's effective for certain purposes, it's not typically recommended for disinfecting surfaces contaminated with bloodborne pathogens like HIV. Bleach is the preferred agent in such cases.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Age 45 years is incorrect.While age is a significant factor in osteoporosis risk, 45 years old isn't inherently considered a high-risk age for developing osteoporosis. However, bone density tends to decrease gradually with age, and after menopause in women, there's a more significant decline due to hormonal changes.
Choice B Reason:
Regular aerobic exercise is incorrect. Regular exercise, particularly weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening activities, is typically beneficial for bone health. It can help maintain or improve bone density and strength, reducing the risk of osteoporosis. Therefore, regular aerobic exercise is generally considered a protective factor against osteoporosis, rather than a risk factor.
Choice C Reason:
Uses NSAIDs for pain relief is incorrect. While long-term use of certain medications, such as glucocorticoids (steroids), can increase the risk of osteoporosis due to their impact on bone density, the use of NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) for pain relief isn't directly linked to osteoporosis as a significant risk factor. However, chronic use of certain medications might have implications for bone health and should be assessed on an individual basis.
Choice D Reason:
Smoking is a known risk factor for osteoporosis. It can have detrimental effects on bone health by interfering with the body's ability to absorb calcium, decreasing estrogen levels, and impairing bone-forming cells. Consequently, smokers have a higher risk of developing osteoporosis compared to non-smokers.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
a.While enemas may be part of bowel preparation, they are usually administered closer to the procedure, not 2 days in advance.
b.This is a standard bowel preparation instruction for colonoscopy to ensure a clear view of the colon during the procedure.
c.A clear liquid diet for a shorter period, usually 12-24 hours, is sufficient.
d.Removing polyps during a colonoscopy is a common procedure and does not necessarily require a separate procedure.
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