A nurse is responsible for six patients.
Which of the following patients are at risk for developing peripheral neuropathy (PN)? (Select all that apply.)

The patient admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

The patient admitted with sleep apnea

The patient admitted with a hypertensive crisis

The patient admitted for an exacerbation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

The patient admitted with untreated tuberculosis

The patient admitted with cirrhosis secondary to chronic alcohol use

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,F

Choice A rationale
Patients with poorly controlled diabetes, such as those experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), are at an increased risk of developing peripheral neuropathy. High blood sugar levels can damage peripheral nerves over time.
Choice B rationale
Sleep apnea is not typically associated with an increased risk of developing peripheral neuropathy.
Choice C rationale
While hypertension can lead to a variety of health complications, it is not typically associated with an increased risk of developing peripheral neuropathy.
Choice D rationale
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect the nervous system, including the peripheral nerves, leading to peripheral neuropathy.
Choice E rationale

Untreated tuberculosis is not typically associated with an increased risk of developing peripheral neuropathy.
Choice F rationale
Chronic alcohol use can lead to nutritional deficiencies, particularly of the B vitamins, which are essential for nerve health. This can result in peripheral neuropathy.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
This statement is incorrect. Nerves do not “go to sleep.”. Peripheral neuropathy in diabetes is caused by damage to the nerves as a result of high blood sugar levels over time.
Choice B rationale
This statement is incorrect. While nerve damage can occur due to various reasons, in the context of diabetes, it is primarily due to prolonged high blood sugar levels.
Choice C rationale
This statement is incorrect. Age and blood flow to the feet are not the primary causes of peripheral neuropathy in diabetes. The primary cause is prolonged high blood sugar levels.
Choice D rationale
This statement is correct. Prolonged high blood sugar levels in diabetes can cause damage to the peripheral nerves, leading to peripheral neuropathy.

A. Reduce the temperature in the room. B. Hyperventilate the patient. C. Lower blood pressure. D. Decrease sedation.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Reducing the temperature in the room is not typically a treatment for brain herniation. While it’s important to maintain a comfortable environment for the patient, there’s no evidence to suggest that room temperature has a direct impact on the progression or treatment of brain herniation.
Choice B rationale

Hyperventilating the patient is a possible treatment for brain herniation. Hyperventilation causes vasoconstriction, which can decrease cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure, potentially relieving the pressure caused by the herniation.
Choice C rationale
Lowering blood pressure is not typically a treatment for brain herniation. While maintaining a stable blood pressure is important in all patients, aggressively lowering blood pressure could potentially decrease cerebral perfusion and worsen the patient’s condition.
Choice D rationale
Decreasing sedation is not typically a treatment for brain herniation. In fact, sedatives might be used to reduce metabolic demands and control agitation in a patient with brain herniation.

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A nurse is responsible for six patients. Which of the following patients are at risk for developing peripheral neuropathy (PN)? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus reports experiencing numbness and tingling in their feet that disrupts their sleep.The nurse explains this as a nerve disorder known as peripheral neuropathy. Which statement by the client indicates they understand the cause of this condition?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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A nurse is responsible for six patients.
Which of the following patients are at risk for developing peripheral neuropathy (PN)? (Select all that apply.)