A nurse is providing care to a client who has Parkinson’s disease and is having difficulty swallowing. Which of the following departments should the nurse plan to contact for a consultation?

Respiratory therapy

Nutritional therapy

Occupational therapy

Speech therapy .

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Respiratory therapy is primarily concerned with the treatment and management of a patient’s breathing. While swallowing difficulties can potentially lead to respiratory issues such as aspiration pneumonia, the primary role of evaluating and treating swallowing difficulties falls outside the scope of respiratory therapy.
Choice B rationale
Nutritional therapy would be involved in managing the dietary needs of a patient with Parkinson’s disease, including modifications to food texture and liquid consistency if swallowing difficulties are present. However, the evaluation and treatment of the swallowing difficulty itself would be managed by a speech therapist.
Choice C rationale
Occupational therapy could assist with adaptations to enhance the patient’s feeding skills and independence during meals. However, the specific evaluation and treatment of swallowing function is typically within the scope of a speech therapist.
Choice D rationale
Speech therapists, or speech-language pathologists, are the professionals specifically trained to evaluate and treat individuals with speech, language, voice, and swallowing disorders. This would include a patient with Parkinson’s disease experiencing difficulty swallowing.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Rebleeding of the injury is a significant factor related to a high mortality rate for a client who has a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). SAH is a devastating event with substantial mortality and high morbidity among survivors. The most common primary causes of death or neurological devastation leading to withdrawal of support are direct effects of the primary hemorrhage (55%) and aneurysm rebleeding (17%)2. Therefore, rebleeding of the injury is a critical concern in the management of SAH.
Choice B rationale
Decreased cerebrospinal fluid is not directly linked to a high mortality rate in SAH. While changes in cerebrospinal fluid dynamics can occur after SAH, it’s not typically a primary factor contributing to mortality.
Choice C rationale
The use of nimodipine is actually part of the treatment protocol for SAH. Nimodipine is a calcium channel blocker that is used to prevent cerebral vasospasm, a complication of SAH. It does not contribute to a higher mortality rate.
Choice D rationale
Poor functional ability could be a result of SAH due to neurological damage, but it is not a direct cause of high mortality. The severity of the initial hemorrhage and subsequent

complications like rebleeding or medical complications are more directly tied to mortality rates.

A. Serotonin B. GABA C. Acetylcholine D. Dopamine E. Dopamine

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Serotonin is indeed an inhibitory neurotransmitter. It helps regulate mood, appetite, and sleep among other things. However, its role in the nervous system is complex and it can also have excitatory effects depending on the specific receptors and neural pathways involved.
Choice B rationale
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. It works by decreasing neuronal excitability, which helps to regulate muscle tone, among other functions.
Choice C rationale
Acetylcholine is primarily an excitatory neurotransmitter, although it can have inhibitory effects in certain parts of the nervous system. It plays a key role in muscle activation, learning, and memory.
Choice D rationale
Dopamine can act as both an inhibitory and an excitatory neurotransmitter, depending on the type of receptor it binds to and the specific neural pathway involved. It plays key roles in reward, motivation, and motor control.

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A nurse is providing care to a client who has Parkinson’s disease and is having difficulty swallowing. Which of the following departments should the nurse plan to contact for a consultation?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assisting with planning care for a client who has a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Which of the following relates to a high mortality rate for a client who has an SAH?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client about the nervous system. Which of the following neurotransmitters should the nurse include in the teaching as having an inhibitory action?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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