A nurse is reviewing a client's medical record. The nurse should anticipate which of the following as a classification within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition Text Revision (DSM-5 TR)?
Pediatric milestones
Genetic disorders
Gastrointestinal disorders
Neurodevelopmental disorders
The Correct Answer is D
A. Pediatric milestones refer to developmental achievements in children but are not a DSM-5 TR classification.
B. Genetic disorders are medical diagnoses and are generally documented in medical records, but they are not classifications within the DSM-5 TR.
C. Gastrointestinal disorders are medical conditions and fall outside the scope of DSM-5 TR classifications.
D. Neurodevelopmental disorders are a recognized category in the DSM-5 TR, which includes conditions such as autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, intellectual disabilities, and learning disorders. These classifications are used by mental health professionals to diagnose and guide treatment planning.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Socioeconomic status does not prevent or protect against the development of personality disorders; these disorders occur across all social and economic groups.
B. While parenting style can influence behavior, strict parental guidelines alone are not a primary cause of personality disorders.
C. Personality disorders are not diagnosed in children under 10, as personality traits are still developing; diagnosis typically occurs in late adolescence or adulthood.
D. Childhood emotional trauma, neglect, or abuse is commonly associated with the development of personality disorders, as early adverse experiences can influence emotional regulation, interpersonal relationships, and coping mechanisms later in life.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Tyramine restrictions are associated with MAO inhibitors, not clozapine or other antipsychotics, so dietary counseling about tyramine is unnecessary for this medication.
B. While medication adherence is important for all antipsychotics to prevent relapse of psychosis, clozapine’s teaching priorities focus more on safety monitoring for serious adverse effects rather than adherence alone.
C. Limiting fluid intake is not a standard precaution for clozapine; hydration is generally encouraged unless there are specific comorbidities requiring fluid restriction.
D. Clozapine carries a risk of agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening drop in white blood cells that can increase susceptibility to infections. Clients must undergo regular complete blood counts (CBCs) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) monitoring, initially weekly, then gradually spaced to every 2–4 weeks if stable, to detect hematologic complications early. Educating the client on this requirement is essential to ensure safe, effective, and compliant use of the medication.
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