A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting a depressed mood one week before the start of their menstrual cycle. The nurse should identify that the client is exhibiting manifestations consistent with which of the following disorders?

Postpartum depression

Bipolar disorder

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Cyclothymic disorder

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Postpartum depression: Postpartum depression occurs after childbirth, not before menstruation.

B. Bipolar disorder: Bipolar disorder involves mood swings between mania and depression that are not tied to the menstrual cycle.

C. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): PMDD is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) characterized by significant mood disturbances, such as depression, irritability, and anxiety, occurring in the luteal phase (one week before menstruation).

D. Cyclothymic disorder: Cyclothymic disorder is a chronic mood disorder involving frequent mood fluctuations but is not related to the menstrual cycle.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. HCO3 above 26 mEq/L: This would indicate metabolic alkalosis, not metabolic acidosis.

B. pH below 7.35: Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH (<7.35) due to excess acid accumulation or bicarbonate loss.

C. PaCO2 above 45 mm Hg: PaCO2 above 45 mm Hg is seen in respiratory acidosis, not metabolic acidosis.

D. PaO2 below 70 mm Hg: A low PaO2 indicates hypoxemia, which can occur alongside acidosis but is not a defining feature of metabolic acidosis.

A. Verifying the information with the patient's family members at the bedside B. Placing an alert bracelet on the patient before leaving the unit C. Asking the patient to describe the reaction that occurs D. Documenting the information on the patient's medical record

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Verifying the information with the patient's family members at the bedside: While family members can provide insight, the most critical step is gathering information directly from the patient about the reaction.

B. Placing an alert bracelet on the patient before leaving the unit: While this is necessary, the nurse should first confirm the details of the allergy.

C. Asking the patient to describe the reaction that occurs: The nurse must determine whether the reaction is a true allergy (e.g., anaphylaxis, rash, difficulty breathing) or an intolerance (e.g., nausea, drowsiness). This ensures appropriate precautions are taken.

D. Documenting the information on the patient's medical record: Documentation is crucial but should follow verification of the allergy details.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting a depressed mood one week before the start of their menstrual cycle. The nurse should identify that the client is exhibiting manifestations consistent with which of the following disorders?

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