A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting a depressed mood one week before the start of their menstrual cycle. The nurse should identify that the client is exhibiting manifestations consistent with which of the following disorders?
Postpartum depression
Bipolar disorder
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Cyclothymic disorder
The Correct Answer is C
A. Postpartum depression: Postpartum depression occurs after childbirth, not before menstruation.
B. Bipolar disorder: Bipolar disorder involves mood swings between mania and depression that are not tied to the menstrual cycle.
C. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD): PMDD is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) characterized by significant mood disturbances, such as depression, irritability, and anxiety, occurring in the luteal phase (one week before menstruation).
D. Cyclothymic disorder: Cyclothymic disorder is a chronic mood disorder involving frequent mood fluctuations but is not related to the menstrual cycle.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Weight gain/loss. Weight changes (gain or loss) are common with antidepressants, particularly SSRIs and TCAs.
B. Dry mouth. Dry mouth is a well-known side effect of many antidepressants, especially tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
C. Insomnia. Many antidepressants, particularly SSRIs and SNRIs, can cause insomnia or increased energy levels.
D. Rash. A rash is not a common side effect of antidepressants. While allergic reactions can occur, they are not considered routine side effects.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Headache: While headaches can occur, they are not the most concerning side effect of stimulant medications.
B. Tachycardia: Stimulant medications, such as those used to treat ADHD (e.g., methylphenidate, amphetamines), increase central nervous system activity, which can lead to an increased heart rate (tachycardia).
C. Dizziness: While dizziness can occur, it is not the primary concern with stimulants.
D. Dry mouth: Dry mouth is a possible side effect but is not as clinically significant as tachycardia when monitoring for adverse effects.
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