A nurse is reviewing the clinical presentation and management of acute and chronic pancreatitis with a group of nursing students.
Match the clinical feature to the appropriate category based on whether it is associated with acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, or both. Each item may be used only once.
 

A. Cluster activities in the morning when well rested. Clients with Cushing's syndrome often suffer from severe muscle wasting and fatigue due to protein catabolism. However, activity should be paced throughout the entire day rather than clustered, which can cause overexertion and cardiovascular strain. Frequent rest periods are necessary to manage the physiological exhaustion associated with chronic hypercortisolism.

B. Request a medical prescription for cortisol. Cushing's syndrome is characterized by an endogenous overproduction of cortisol or exogenous steroid excess. Administering additional cortisol would exacerbate the condition and worsen clinical symptoms such as hypertension and hyperglycemia. The goal of treatment is typically to reduce or block cortisol production rather than increase its systemic levels.

C. Assess daily weights. Hypercortisolism leads to significant sodium and water retention, resulting in edema and weight gain. Monitoring daily weights is a critical nursing intervention to evaluate fluid status and the effectiveness of treatment. This assessment helps the nurse identify rapid fluid accumulation that could lead to congestive heart failure or pulmonary edema in these patients.

D. Teach the client to increase fluid intake. Due to the high risk of fluid volume excess and hypertension, increasing fluid intake is generally contraindicated for clients with Cushing's syndrome. Fluid intake may need to be restricted to prevent worsening edema and cardiovascular complications. The nurse should focus on monitoring intake and output to ensure a balanced fluid volume.

A. Hairbrush. A standard hairbrush is typically too large to be completely aspirated into the narrow trachea of a toddler. While it may pose a risk for oral or esophageal trauma, it does not fit the profile of a small, smooth object that can bypass the epiglottis. Prevention focuses on smaller, rounder items that easily occlude the subglottic space.

B. Television remote control. The main hazard of a remote control is the ingestion of button batteries rather than the device itself blocking the airway. While the battery is a critical corrosive risk, the remote is an external household object. Educators must prioritize teaching parents about the small, loose components inside electronic devices.

C. Detergent pods. These items are highly dangerous due to their size, shape, and bright colors which attract toddlers to put them in their mouths. The soft, slippery exterior can easily slide into the airway, causing a mechanical obstruction. If the pod bursts, the concentrated chemicals cause rapid mucosal edema and chemical pneumonitis, further compromising the respiratory tract.

D. Tennis ball. A regulation tennis ball is significantly larger than the oral cavity of a 2-year-old child. It is physically impossible for a toddler to aspirate a ball of this diameter into the glottic opening. Small balls, such as marbles or bouncy balls, are the specific objects included in aspiration risk education.