A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a newly admitted school-age child who has a fever. The nurse should identify which of the following laboratory results is an indication of an infection and should be reported to the charge nurse immediately.

Urine osmolality 500 mOsm/kg.

WBC 17,500/mm3.

BUN 12 mg/dL.

Urine specific gravity 1.014.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:
Urine osmolality 500 mOsm/kg. Urine osmolality is a measure of urine concentration and is not a reliable indicator of infection. It reflects the kidney's ability to concentrate urine and can vary based on hydration status and other factors. An elevated urine osmolality could suggest dehydration, not necessarily infection.
Choice B rationale:
WBC 17,500/mm3. This is the correct choice. An elevated white blood cell count (WBC) is a hallmark sign of infection. The body's immune response to an infection often includes an increase in WBC count, particularly the neutrophil count. This elevation is known as leukocytosis and is a red flag for infection.
Choice C rationale:
BUN 12 mg/dL. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) measures kidney function and hydration status. While an elevated BUN can indicate dehydration, it is not a specific marker for infection. BUN levels can be influenced by various factors, including diet and renal function.
Choice D rationale:
Urine specific gravity 1.014. Urine-specific gravity reflects the concentration of solutes in urine and the kidney's ability to concentrate or dilute urine. While changes in urine specific gravity can indicate dehydration or overhydration, it is not a direct indicator of infection. An infection is better detected through changes in WBC count and other clinical signs.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A history of frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) is a sign of child maltreatment. It may indicate sexual abuse, which can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract.Sexual abuse may also cause genital or anal trauma, sexually transmitted infections, or pregnancy 1. UTIs are uncommon in children, especially in boys.The normal frequency of UTIs in children is around 1 in 10 girls and 1 in 30 boys by the age of 16 years

A. "I can take my child to the playroom after all the lesions have crusted.". B. "I will wait to bathe my child once the crusts have fallen off the lesions.". C. "I should expect my child to remain on bed rest for 3 days.". D. "I need to wear a mask when visiting my child, even though I have had chicken pox.".

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
This statement reflects an accurate understanding of varicella (chickenpox) transmission and infection control. The lesions of varicella contain the virus and are contagious until they have crusted over. Allowing the child to go to the playroom only after the lesions have crusted helps prevent the spread of the virus to other individuals.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is incorrect because waiting for the crusts to fall off the lesions before bathing the child is not necessary. In fact, keeping the lesions clean and maintaining proper hygiene through gentle bathing can help prevent secondary bacterial infections.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is incorrect because bedrest for 3 days is not necessary for a child with varicella. While it's important to minimize contact with others during the contagious phase, physical activity can be gradually resumed as long as the lesions have crusted to prevent transmission.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is incorrect. Once a person has had chickenpox (varicella), they develop immunity to the virus and do not need to wear a mask when visiting someone with active varicella. This is because they are already immune to the virus due to their prior infection.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a newly admitted school-age child who has a fever. The nurse should identify which of the following laboratory results is an indication of an infection and should be reported to the charge nurse immediately.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in a well-child clinic is collecting data from four clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider as a potential indication of child maltreatment?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the guardian of a preschooler who has varicella and is hospitalized. Which of the following statements by the guardian indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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