A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has fluid volume deficit. The nurse would expect which of the following findings?

Choice A Reason: This is correct because a phosphate of 5.7 mg/dL indicates hyperphosphatemia, which is a high level of phosphate in the blood. Hyperphosphatemia is a common manifestation of hypoparathyroidism, which is a condition that causes low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH regulates calcium and phosphate balance in the body, and low PTH leads to decreased calcium and increased phosphate levels. The nurse should monitor the client's neuromuscular and cardiovascular status, and administer calcium and vitamin D supplements as ordered.

Choice B Reason: This is incorrect because a calcium of 9.8 mg/dL is within the normal range of 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL. Hypoparathyroidism causes hypocalcemia, which is a low level of calcium in the blood. Calcium is essential for muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and blood clotting, and low calcium levels can cause tetany, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmias. The nurse should monitor the client's vital signs, electrocardiogram, and Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs, and administer calcium and vitamin D supplements as ordered.

Choice C Reason: This is incorrect because a magnesium of 1.8 mEq/L is within the normal range of 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L. Hypoparathyroidism does not affect magnesium levels significantly, and this result does not indicate an urgent problem for the client.

Choice D Reason: This is incorrect because a vitamin D of 25 ng/mL is within the normal range of 20 to 50 ng/mL. Hypoparathyroidism causes low levels of vitamin D, which is needed for calcium absorption and bone health. Vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis. The nurse should monitor the client's bone density and fractures, and administer vitamin D supplements as ordered.

Choice A: Digoxin is correct because it is a medication that can cause visual disturbances, such as blurred vision, yellow-green halos, or photophobia, as a sign of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin toxicity can occur when the serum digoxin level exceeds the therapeutic range of 0.5 to 2 ng/mL. Digoxin toxicity can also cause nausea, vomiting, anorexia, confusion, bradycardia, and cardiac arrhythmias. The risk of digoxin toxicity is increased by hypokalemia, which can lower the threshold for digoxin action and enhance its effects on the cardiac muscle.

Choice B: Aspirin is incorrect because it is a medication that can cause gastrointestinal bleeding, tinnitus, or allergic reactions, but not visual disturbances. Aspirin is an antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory medication that can be used to prevent thromboembolic events, such as stroke or myocardial infarction, in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Choice C: Potassium chloride is incorrect because it is a medication that can cause hyperkalemia, or high potassium level, if taken in excess or in combination with other potassium-sparing drugs, but not visual disturbances. Potassium chloride is a supplement that can be used to treat or prevent hypokalemia, or low potassium level, in patients who are taking diuretics or have other causes of potassium loss.

Choice D: Warfarin is incorrect because it is a medication that can cause bleeding, bruising, or hematoma formation, but not visual disturbances. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that can be used to prevent thromboembolic events, such as stroke or pulmonary embolism, in patients with atrial fibrillation.