A nurse is reviewing the list of current medications for a client who is to start a new prescription for carbamazepine. The nurse should identify which of the following medications interacts with carbamazepine.
Estrogen-progestin combination
Nicotine transdermal system
Diphenhydramine
Beclomethasone
The Correct Answer is A
A. Estrogen-progestin combination:
Correct Answer: This medication interacts with carbamazepine.
Explanation: Carbamazepine is known to induce certain liver enzymes, including cytochrome P450 enzymes. These enzymes play a role in the metabolism of various medications, including estrogen-containing oral contraceptives (estrogen-progestin combinations). Carbamazepine can increase the metabolism of estrogen-progestin combinations, potentially reducing their effectiveness and increasing the risk of contraceptive failure. Therefore, this interaction can lead to decreased contraceptive efficacy and the potential for unintended pregnancy.
B. Nicotine transdermal system:
Incorrect Explanation: This medication does not interact with carbamazepine.
Explanation: Nicotine replacement therapies, such as nicotine transdermal systems, are not known to have significant interactions with carbamazepine. These therapies are primarily used to aid in smoking cessation and do not share metabolic pathways with carbamazepine.
C. Diphenhydramine:
Incorrect Explanation: This medication does not interact with carbamazepine.
Explanation: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used for allergies and as a sleep aid. It does not have a well-established interaction with carbamazepine. However, it's important to note that carbamazepine can have central nervous system (CNS) effects, so caution should be exercised when combining it with other medications that also have CNS effects.
D. Beclomethasone:
Incorrect Explanation: This medication does not interact with carbamazepine.
Explanation: Beclomethasone is a corticosteroid used to manage inflammation associated with conditions like asthma and allergic rhinitis. It is not known to interact with carbamazepine. These two medications have different mechanisms of action and do not share significant metabolic pathways.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Slow the infusion rate:
Incorrect Explanation: Slowing the infusion rate is not the appropriate action when fluid infiltration has occurred.
Explanation: Fluid infiltration occurs when the IV catheter becomes dislodged from the vein and fluid enters the surrounding tissues. Slowing the infusion rate will not prevent or address this issue.
B. Apply pressure to the IV site:
Correct Answer: Applying pressure to the IV site is an appropriate initial action when fluid infiltration occurs.
Explanation: Applying gentle pressure just above the insertion site can help prevent further fluid from entering the surrounding tissues. This can help minimize the extent of infiltration and reduce potential complications.
C. Elevate the extremity:
Incorrect Explanation: Elevating the extremity is not the primary action to take when fluid infiltration is present.
Explanation: Elevating the extremity might be helpful in reducing swelling and promoting blood flow in general, but it's not the primary action to address fluid infiltration.
D. Flush the IV catheter:
Incorrect Explanation: Flushing the IV catheter is not the appropriate action for addressing fluid infiltration.
Explanation: Flushing the catheter might exacerbate the infiltration by pushing more fluid into the surrounding tissues. It's important to address the issue of infiltration first.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The client has a history of a severe penicillin allergy:
Correct Answer: This is the priority information for the nurse to report to the provider.
Explanation: Cefuroxime is a cephalosporin antibiotic. Individuals with a history of severe penicillin allergy may also have an increased risk of cross-reactivity with cephalosporin antibiotics. This potential cross-reactivity needs to be evaluated by the provider to determine the safety of prescribing cefuroxime for the client.
B. The client takes an aspirin daily:
Incorrect Explanation: While the daily use of aspirin should be considered when prescribing medications, it is not the priority in this scenario.
Explanation: Aspirin use might affect bleeding risk, but it is not directly related to the potential interaction with cefuroxime. The client's severe penicillin allergy takes precedence in terms of immediate concern.
C. The client reports a history of nausea with cefuroxime:
Incorrect Explanation: A history of nausea with cefuroxime is relevant but is not as critical as the severe penicillin allergy.
Explanation: While the nurse should consider the client's history of nausea with cefuroxime, it is not as urgent as addressing the potential cross-reactivity with penicillin.
D. The client has a BUN level of 18 mg/dL:
Incorrect Explanation: The BUN level is not the priority in this context.
Explanation: A BUN level of 18 mg/dL is within the normal range and is not immediately relevant to the decision about prescribing cefuroxime.
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