A nurse is talking with a client who is about to start taking nitroglycerin oral, sustained-release capsules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Take the medication with meals.
Swallow the capsules whole.
Stop taking the medication if you develop headaches.
Take 1 capsule at the onset of anginal pain.
The Correct Answer is B
A) Take the medication with meals:
Nitroglycerin oral, sustained-release capsules should be taken on an empty stomach to enhance absorption. Taking them with meals may delay or alter the absorption rate, potentially affecting the medication's effectiveness.
B) Swallow the capsules whole:
Nitroglycerin sustained-release capsules should be swallowed whole without crushing or chewing. Breaking or crushing the capsules can lead to rapid release of the medication, which may cause adverse effects such as sudden drops in blood pressure or headaches.
C) Stop taking the medication if you develop headaches:
Headaches are a common side effect of nitroglycerin due to its vasodilatory effects. Clients are often advised to continue taking the medication as prescribed and inform their healthcare provider about persistent or severe headaches.
D) Take 1 capsule at the onset of anginal pain:
Nitroglycerin is typically used to relieve anginal pain when it occurs. However, sustained-release formulations are not intended for immediate relief of acute angina attacks. Fast-acting formulations like sublingual nitroglycerin tablets are used for acute pain relief.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Trazolam orally at bedtime:
Trazolam is a benzodiazepine used for insomnia and can cause daytime sedation. Clients should avoid hazardous activities, such as driving, while taking this medication due to the potential for impaired alertness and coordination.
B) Polyethylene glycol dissolved in 240 ml of water once daily:
Polyethylene glycol is a laxative used for bowel cleansing and maintenance. It does not typically cause daytime sedation or impair cognitive function, so avoiding hazardous activities is not necessary.
C) Adalimumab subcutaneously every 2 weeks:
Adalimumab is a biologic medication used to treat inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and does not typically cause sedation or impair cognitive function.
D) Ketoconazole orally once daily with food:
Ketoconazole is an antifungal medication that does not cause significant sedation or impair cognitive function. Hazardous activities are not typically restricted while taking this medication.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Shave excess hair from skin before applying a nitroglycerin patch:
Shaving excess hair is not necessary for applying a nitroglycerin patch. The patch should be applied to a clean, dry, and hairless area of skin to ensure proper adhesion and absorption of medication.
B) Keep a nitroglycerin patch in place 24 hr per day:
Nitroglycerin patches are typically worn for a specified period (usually 12 to 14 hours) and then removed for a "patch-free" interval to prevent tolerance development. Continuous use can lead to tolerance, reducing the effectiveness of the medication.
C) Put a second patch in place if angina pain occurs:
Applying a second nitroglycerin patch is not recommended without consulting a healthcare provider. Increasing the dosage of nitroglycerin without proper medical advice can lead to hypotension and other adverse effects. The client should follow the prescribed regimen and seek medical assistance if angina pain is not relieved.
D) Fold used patch with medication area to the inside and discard in a closed receptacle:
This is the correct instruction. Used nitroglycerin patches should be folded with the adhesive side together (medication area inside) to prevent accidental exposure and disposed of in a closed receptacle. This helps ensure safe disposal and prevents unintentional contact with the medication by others.
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