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A nurse is teaching a class about physical manifestations associated with the fight-or-flight response to stress. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include?

A.

Bronchial airway constriction

B.

Hypoglycemia

C.

Dilated pupils

D.

Decreased blood pressure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Bronchial airway constriction: During the fight-or-flight response, bronchial airways typically dilate to increase airflow to the lungs, not constrict.
B. Hypoglycemia: The fight-or-flight response typically increases blood glucose levels to provide quick energy, leading to hyperglycemia rather than hypoglycemia.
C. Dilated pupils: Pupils dilate during the fight-or-flight response to enhance vision and perception of potential threats. This is a correct manifestation of the stress response.
D. Decreased blood pressure: The fight-or-flight response usually causes an increase in blood pressure due to the release of adrenaline and other stress hormones that prepare the body for immediate action.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Episodic acute stress: This term is not a recognized diagnosis. Acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder are the established diagnoses related to trauma and stress.
B. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): IBS is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. It is not related to the flashbacks of traumatic events.
C. Acute stress disorder (ASD): ASD occurs within the first month after exposure to a traumatic event and involves symptoms like intrusive memories and flashbacks. However, since the traumatic event occurred a year ago, this disorder is less likely than PTSD.
D. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): PTSD is characterized by symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, and severe anxiety following exposure to a traumatic event. Given the traumatic event happened a year ago, the client’s symptoms are consistent with PTSD.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Droplet: Incorrect. Droplet precautions are used for infections spread through respiratory droplets, such as influenza or meningitis, not for immunocompromised clients undergoing stem-cell transplants.
B. Protective: Correct. Protective precautions, also known as neutropenic precautions or reverse isolation, are necessary for clients who are immunocompromised, such as those who have had a stem-cell transplant. These precautions include using barrier protection to prevent infection due to the client's weakened immune system.
C. Contact: Incorrect. Contact precautions are used for infections spread by direct or indirect contact with contaminated surfaces or items, such as Clostridium difficile, not for immunocompromised patients.
D. Airborne: Incorrect. Airborne precautions are used for infections that spread through the air over long distances, such as tuberculosis or measles, and are not specifically needed for clients with compromised immunity post-transplant.

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