A nurse is teaching a client about the effects of a negative body image. The nurse should include that which of the following can occur as a result of a negative body image?
Increased exercise
Self-disclosure
Poor performance overall
Development of an eating disorder
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Negative body image typically reduces motivation for healthy behaviors like exercise, as individuals may feel discouraged or ashamed of their appearance. While exercise could theoretically improve body image, a negative perception often leads to avoidance of physical activity rather than increased engagement, making this an unlikely outcome of negative body image.
Choice B reason: Self-disclosure, or sharing personal thoughts, is not directly caused by negative body image. Individuals with negative body image may withdraw socially or avoid discussing their feelings due to shame or low self-esteem. Self-disclosure is more associated with positive mental health or therapeutic settings, not a direct consequence of poor body image.
Choice C reason: Poor performance overall is too broad and not specifically linked to negative body image. While low self-esteem may impact certain tasks, negative body image primarily affects psychological and behavioral outcomes, like eating habits or social interactions, rather than general performance across domains, making this a less precise outcome.
Choice D reason: Negative body image is strongly associated with eating disorders, such as anorexia or bulimia, as individuals may engage in extreme dieting or purging to alter their appearance. This stems from distorted self-perception and societal pressure, activating psychological stress responses that disrupt normal eating behaviors, making this a direct and significant consequence.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: During non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, the body’s core temperature decreases as part of the circadian rhythm’s regulation of thermoregulation. The hypothalamus reduces heat production and promotes heat loss, lowering body temperature by about 0.5-1°C. This physiological change conserves energy, supports restorative processes, and aligns with the reduced metabolic demands of NREM sleep stages.
Choice B reason: Peripheral blood vessels dilate, not constrict, during NREM sleep to facilitate heat loss, contributing to the decrease in body temperature. Vasodilation enhances blood flow to the skin, promoting heat dissipation. Constriction would retain heat, counteracting the body’s thermoregulatory goal during NREM sleep, making this an incorrect physiological change for this sleep stage.
Choice C reason: Growth hormone secretion increases, not decreases, during NREM sleep, particularly in slow-wave sleep (Stage 3). The pituitary gland releases growth hormone to support tissue repair, growth, and metabolism. Reduced secretion would impair these restorative processes, which are critical during NREM sleep, making this an inaccurate description of physiological changes in this phase.
Choice D reason: Basal metabolic rate decreases, not increases, during NREM sleep due to reduced energy demands. The body conserves energy by lowering heart rate, respiratory rate, and overall metabolic activity. An increase in metabolic rate would occur during wakefulness or rapid eye movement sleep, not NREM, making this an incorrect physiological change for this sleep stage.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: In the exhaustion stage of general adaptation syndrome, prolonged stress depletes the body’s resources, impairing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Chronic cortisol elevation disrupts neurotransmitter balance, particularly serotonin and dopamine, leading to depression. This psychological manifestation reflects the body’s inability to cope with sustained stress, making it a hallmark of the exhaustion phase.
Choice B reason: Blood glucose levels returning to normal is characteristic of the resistance stage, not exhaustion. In exhaustion, metabolic dysregulation persists due to depleted energy reserves, potentially causing hypoglycemia or erratic glucose levels. The body’s failure to maintain homeostasis makes this an incorrect manifestation for the exhaustion stage.
Choice C reason: Pupil dilation occurs in the alarm stage of general adaptation syndrome, driven by sympathetic activation and catecholamine release to prepare for “fight-or-flight.” In the exhaustion stage, the body’s resources are depleted, and such acute responses diminish, making pupil dilation an incorrect manifestation for this chronic stress phase.
Choice D reason: Blood pressure increases during the alarm and resistance stages due to sympathetic activation and vasoconstriction. In the exhaustion stage, the body’s regulatory systems fail, potentially leading to hypotension or cardiovascular collapse due to depleted reserves, making increased blood pressure an incorrect manifestation for this stage.
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