A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for montelukast to treat asthma. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"Once I take this for a while, I won't need my inhaler anymore."

"I'll take this medication every day, even when I don't have symptoms."

"I'll take this medication to stop wheezing when I have an attack."

"I'll make sure I take these tablets on an empty stomach."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Rationale:

A. "Once I take this for a while, I won't need my inhaler anymore." Montelukast is a maintenance medication not a rescue medication. Clients will still need their inhalers for acute asthma attacks, as montelukast is used to prevent symptoms, not provide immediate relief.

B. "I'll take this medication every day, even when I don't have symptoms." Montelukast is meant to be taken daily to prevent asthma symptoms. Taking it consistently, even when symptoms aren't present, helps reduce inflammation and prevent asthma attacks.

C. "I'll take this medication to stop wheezing when I have an attack." Montelukast is not a fast-acting medication and doesn't stop acute wheezing during an asthma attack. Short-acting bronchodilators like albuterol are used for immediate relief during an asthma attack.

D. "I'll make sure I take these tablets on an empty stomach." Montelukast can be taken with or without food, and it does not require an empty stomach. There are no specific instructions regarding food intake, so it can be taken as prescribed at any time of day.

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Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A,B"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

Rationale:

Blood pressure: In glomerulonephritis, blood pressure elevation is commonly seen due to fluid retention and impaired kidney function, which leads to increased vascular resistance. This is more pronounced than in pyelonephritis, where blood pressure changes may be less severe.
Respiratory rate: Both pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis can cause an elevated respiratory rate. In pyelonephritis, it may be due to systemic infection or respiratory distress caused by fluid accumulation or sepsis. In glomerulonephritis, respiratory rate can increase due to fluid retention, leading to pulmonary congestion or difficulty breathing.
Urinary output amount: Both conditions can cause decreased urinary output. In pyelonephritis, this may occur due to kidney inflammation or infection affecting kidney function. In glomerulonephritis, decreased output is due to glomerular damage that impairs filtration, leading to oliguria or anuria.
Edema: Edema, particularly periorbital and in the extremities, is a hallmark of glomerulonephritis. The glomerular filtration barrier is damaged, causing protein loss in the urine and subsequent fluid retention. In contrast, edema is less common in pyelonephritis and usually occurs only in severe or advanced cases.
Pain location: Flank pain is a key feature of pyelonephritis due to kidney infection or inflammation. The pain is usually localized to the back or side, in the area where the kidneys are located. Glomerulonephritis typically does not cause significant flank pain; it is more associated with systemic symptoms like edema, hematuria, and hypertension.

A. "We will change the dressing daily." B. "We can measure your blood pressure in either arm." C. "We will replace the PICC every month." D. "We can draw blood samples from the PICC for diagnostic tests."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "We will change the dressing daily." The dressing for a PICC is typically changed every 7 days, or sooner if it becomes wet or soiled. Changing it daily is not necessary unless there is a specific indication for more frequent changes, such as infection or drainage.

B. "We can measure your blood pressure in either arm." It is not recommended to measure blood pressure in the arm with the PICC line as this could increase the risk of complications, such as dislodging the catheter or causing discomfort. BP should be measured in the opposite arm.

C. "We will replace the PICC every month." It is a long-term catheter, used for several months, unless there are complications or it needs to be replaced due to malfunction or infection. Regular assessments and care are necessary, but replacement is not routine monthly.

D. "We can draw blood samples from the PICC for diagnostic tests." The PICC line is often used for drawing blood samples, as it provides easy access to the central venous system. Blood can be drawn from the PICC for diagnostic tests, which is one of its primary uses in chemotherapy patients.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for montelukast to treat asthma. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A,B"},"D":{"answers":"B"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client who is to begin chemotherapy about a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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