A nurse is teaching a client who has HIV about infection prevention. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid contact with which of the following items?

Soiled cat litter

Scrambled eggs

Pasteurized milk

Electric razor

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Soiled cat litter:
Soiled cat litter can contain Toxoplasma gondii, a parasite that can cause severe infections in individuals with HIV or other immunocompromised conditions. The parasite can lead to opportunistic infections, including encephalitis. Therefore, it is crucial for clients with HIV to avoid handling soiled cat litter to prevent potential infection.

B) Scrambled eggs:
Scrambled eggs, when cooked properly, are generally safe for individuals with HIV. They do not pose a high risk of infection if handled and prepared with good hygiene practices. However, it is important to ensure that eggs are fully cooked to avoid risks related to other pathogens like Salmonella.

C) Pasteurized milk:
Pasteurized milk is safe for individuals with HIV. Pasteurization kills harmful bacteria and pathogens, making it a lower-risk option for those with compromised immune systems. It is recommended to avoid unpasteurized milk, which can pose a risk of infection.

D) Electric razor:
An electric razor is generally safe and does not pose an infection risk. It is preferable over manual razors for individuals with HIV as it reduces the risk of cuts and abrasions that could lead to infections.

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Correct Answer is "{\"xRanges\":[212.5,262.5],\"yRanges\":[154,204]}"

Explanation

To assess for a positive Chvostek's sign, the nurse should tap the area marked B on the image, which is the facial nerve just in front of the ear.

Rationale:

The Chvostek's sign is assessed by tapping the facial nerve near the cheekbone. A positive sign, indicating potential hypocalcemia or tetany, is a twitching of the facial muscles.

B - Facial Nerve Location:

The Chvostek's sign test involves tapping the facial nerve, located in front of the ear and near the zygomatic arch.

Stimulation of this nerve can cause involuntary twitching of the facial muscles if calcium levels are low.

It is a quick bedside test for identifying neuromuscular irritability due to hypocalcemia, common after thyroid surgery.

A - Incorrect Area:

This area is on the temple and not directly over the facial nerve.

Tapping here would not effectively assess Chvostek's sign.

C - Incorrect Area:

Located near the neck, this area is not relevant for testing the facial nerve.

Tapping here would not induce a response related to Chvostek's sign.

A. Pallor in the affected extremity B. Urine output 150 ml over 4 hr C. Temperature of 37.9° C (100.2°F) D. Bruising around the incisional site

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Pallor in the affected extremity:
Pallor in the affected extremity is a critical finding that indicates potential compromised blood flow to the area, which can be a sign of graft failure, arterial occlusion, or inadequate perfusion. This requires immediate evaluation by the healthcare provider to prevent serious complications such as limb ischemia or loss.

B) Urine output 150 ml over 4 hr:
While low urine output can be concerning, a urine output of 150 ml over 4 hours may not be immediately alarming unless there are other symptoms of acute kidney injury or dehydration. This would need to be monitored, but it is less urgent compared to signs of compromised blood flow.

C) Temperature of 37.9° C (100.2°F):
A temperature of 37.9°C (100.2°F) is mildly elevated and may indicate a low-grade fever, which can occur postoperatively due to various reasons, including inflammatory responses. It is not as immediately critical as signs of impaired perfusion.

D) Bruising around the incisional site:
Bruising around the incisional site is a common postoperative finding and typically not immediately concerning unless it is associated with significant bleeding or signs of hematoma formation. It should be monitored but does not generally require immediate reporting unless accompanied by other alarming symptoms.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has HIV about infection prevention. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid contact with which of the following items?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is "{\"xRanges\":[212.5,262.5],\"yRanges\":[154,204]}"

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who is 4 hr. postoperative following arterial revascularization of the left femoral artery. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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