A nurse is teaching a client who has hyperlipidemia and a new prescription for atorvastatin. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods?

Grapefruit

Coffee

Milk

Oatmeal

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Grapefruit: Grapefruit inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme in the liver, which is responsible for metabolizing atorvastatin. When this enzyme is blocked, the levels of atorvastatin in the blood can rise increasing the risk of serious side effects such as muscle toxicity and liver damage. Clients taking statins should completely avoid grapefruit to ensure the medication is processed safely and effectively.
B. Coffee: Coffee does not interact with atorvastatin in a clinically significant way. While excessive caffeine intake can have other health implications, it does not affect the metabolism or effectiveness of atorvastatin. Clients with hyperlipidemia may still consume coffee in moderation unless otherwise advised based on other health conditions.
C. Milk: Milk does not interfere with atorvastatin's absorption or metabolism. It is safe to consume while on the medication. In fact, low-fat dairy products can be part of a heart-healthy diet aimed at lowering cholesterol, making milk an acceptable food choice for clients with hyperlipidemia.
D. Oatmeal: Oatmeal is beneficial for clients with hyperlipidemia because it contains soluble fiber, which helps to lower LDL (bad) cholesterol levels. There are no known interactions between oatmeal and atorvastatin. Including oatmeal in the diet supports the therapeutic goals of atorvastatin by promoting heart health.

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Correct Answer is ["236"]

Explanation

Identify the calorie content per gram of each macronutrient.

Protein: 4 calories/gram

Fat: 9 calories/gram

Carbohydrates: 4 calories/gram

Calculate the calories from protein.

Calories from protein = 2 g × 4 calories/gram

= 8 calories.

Calculate the calories from fat.

Calories from fat = 12 g × 9 calories/gram

= 108 calories.

Calculate the calories from carbohydrates.

Calories from carbohydrates = 30 g × 4 calories/gram

= 120 calories.

Calculate the total calories in the cookie.

Total calories = Calories from protein + Calories from fat + Calories from carbohydrates

= 8 calories + 108 calories + 120 calories

= 236 calories.

Rounded to the nearest whole number: 236.

A. "Make sure to drink water with your meals." B. "Meal replacement shakes can cause weight gain." C. “Your biggest meal of the day should be breakfast." D. "Set your weight loss goal to 2.5 pounds per week."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Make sure to drink water with your meals." While staying hydrated is important for metabolism and satiety, emphasizing water intake with meals over other proven strategies, like portion control and meal timing, may not be the most effective behavioral focus for weight loss education.
B. "Meal replacement shakes can cause weight gain." Stating that meal replacement shakes can cause weight gain can be misleading. Weight gain typically occurs when total caloric intake exceeds expenditure, regardless of whether calories come from shakes or food.
C. "Your biggest meal of the day should be breakfast." Eating a larger breakfast can promote weight loss by jump-starting metabolism and reducing overall calorie intake later in the day. Front-loading calories earlier in the day can improve satiety and energy levels, leading to healthier eating patterns and potentially better adherence to weight loss goals.
D. "Set your weight loss goal to 2.5 pounds per week." A safe and sustainable weight loss goal is typically 1 to 2 pounds per week. A goal of 2.5 pounds per week may be too aggressive and unrealistic for most individuals, increasing the risk of muscle loss, nutritional deficiencies, or rebound weight gain. Encouraging gradual, steady weight loss supports long-term success.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has hyperlipidemia and a new prescription for atorvastatin. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing education to adolescents about healthy food choices. A cookie has 2 g of protein, 12 g of fat, and 30 g of carbohydrates. How many calories does the cookie contain? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["236"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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