A nurse is teaching a client with multiple sclerosis who is prescribed cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) and methylprednisolone (Medrol). Which statement should the nurse include in this client’s discharge teaching?

Take warm baths to promote muscle relaxation.

Avoid crowds and people with colds.

Relying on a walker will weaken your gait.

Take prescribed medications when symptoms occur.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Warm baths may help with MS-related spasticity but are not the priority teaching for cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone. These drugs focus on immunosuppression and inflammation control, and baths do not address their side effects or infection risks.
Choice B reason: Cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone are immunosuppressants, reducing white blood cell counts and increasing infection risk. Avoiding crowds and sick individuals minimizes exposure to pathogens, critical for preventing infections like pneumonia in MS patients on these medications.
Choice C reason: Using a walker supports mobility in MS without necessarily weakening gait. It aids safety during exacerbations, and discouraging its use is inappropriate, as it does not address the immunosuppressive risks of the prescribed medications.
Choice D reason: Taking cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone only when symptoms occur is incorrect, as these drugs require consistent dosing for immunosuppression and inflammation control. Symptom-based dosing reduces efficacy and increases relapse risk in MS management.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Tobacco use accelerates bone loss by reducing osteoblast activity and blood flow to bones, increasing osteoporosis risk. Cutting down on smoking improves bone density by enhancing bone formation and reducing resorption, a key preventive measure for women.
Choice B reason: Limiting alcohol to two drinks daily is not specific enough, as even moderate alcohol can impair calcium absorption and osteoblast function, increasing osteoporosis risk. Guidelines recommend minimal alcohol consumption, making this less accurate for prevention.
Choice C reason: Strengthening exercises (e.g., resistance training) stimulate osteoblast activity, increasing bone density and strength. This is critical for preventing osteoporosis, as mechanical stress on bones enhances mineralization, reducing fracture risk in women, especially postmenopausal.
Choice D reason: Calcium and vitamin D are essential for bone health. Calcium forms bone matrix, and vitamin D enhances its absorption. Adequate intake prevents bone resorption, maintaining bone density and reducing osteoporosis risk, making this a cornerstone of prevention.
Choice E reason: Weight-bearing exercises like walking stimulate bone formation by applying mechanical stress, increasing osteoblast activity. Walking 30 minutes three times weekly improves bone density and reduces fracture risk, making it an effective strategy for osteoporosis prevention in women.

A. Child’s heels are placed firmly against the foot of the bed. B. Head of bed is elevated 20 degrees. C. Weights are hanging freely. D. Ropes are on pulleys.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Heels against the bed in Buck’s traction cause pressure, risking skin breakdown or ulcers, especially in children with sensitive skin. This requires intervention (e.g., repositioning or padding) to prevent tissue damage and ensure traction maintains fracture alignment without complications.
Choice B reason: Elevating the head of the bed 20 degrees is acceptable in Buck’s traction, as it promotes comfort and does not disrupt the traction’s alignment or force. It is not a concern requiring intervention unless it affects traction mechanics.
Choice C reason: Freely hanging weights are correct in Buck’s traction, ensuring consistent force to align the fracture. This is a desired observation, as obstructed weights would disrupt traction efficacy, and no intervention is needed for this finding.
Choice D reason: Ropes on pulleys are essential for Buck’s traction to function, allowing smooth force transmission to align the fracture. This is a correct setup, requiring no intervention, as it ensures the traction system operates effectively without mechanical issues.

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A nurse is teaching a client with multiple sclerosis who is prescribed cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) and methylprednisolone (Medrol). Which statement should the nurse include in this client’s discharge teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing education to a community women’s group about lifestyle changes helpful in preventing osteoporosis. What topics does the nurse cover? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]

Explanation

On entering the room of a child in Buck’s traction, the nurse makes all of the following observations. Which observation requires a nursing intervention?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who has seizures and a new prescription for phenytoin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

The nurse explains that Bryant's traction is reserved for children who weigh less than how many pounds?

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