A nurse is using a bladder scanner to assess the bladder volume of a client with urinary frequency. In which position would the nurse place the client?

Choice A rationale:
Laissez-faire leadership involves a hands-off approach, where the leader relinquishes much of the decision-making power to the group. This style is less suitable for time-sensitive, high-stakes situations like the one described in the question, where prompt action and clear direction are crucial.
In this case, the nurse took a more proactive and directive role, which is characteristic of autocratic leadership.
While laissez-faire leadership can be effective in certain contexts, it would not have been the most appropriate approach in this particular situation.
Choice B rationale:
Autocratic leadership is characterized by a strong focus on control and centralized decision-making. The leader typically makes decisions independently and expects followers to comply with instructions.
This style can be effective in situations that require quick action and clear direction, such as emergencies or crises. In the scenario presented, the nurse's actions align with autocratic leadership:
The nurse immediately took charge of the situation, directing colleagues to notify the physician and starting intravenous fluids. These actions demonstrate a clear sense of authority and control, which are key elements of autocratic leadership.
While autocratic leadership can sometimes be perceived as overly controlling, it was necessary in this situation to ensure the client's safety and well-being.
Choice C rationale:
Democratic leadership involves a more collaborative approach, where the leader seeks input from followers and encourages participation in decision-making.
This style can be effective in building consensus and fostering teamwork, but it may not be as efficient in situations that require urgent action.
In this case, the nurse did not have time to engage in extensive consultation or discussion. They needed to act quickly and decisively to address the client's needs.
Therefore, democratic leadership would not have been the most appropriate style in this context.
Choice D rationale:
Transformational leadership focuses on inspiring and motivating followers to achieve common goals. Transformational leaders encourage creativity, innovation, and personal growth.
This style can be effective in promoting long-term organizational change and development.
However, in the immediate crisis situation described in the question, the nurse's primary focus was on addressing the client's immediate needs, rather than on fostering long-term change or transformation.
Therefore, transformational leadership would not have been the most suitable style for this particular scenario.

Choice A rationale:
Chronic health promotion focuses on managing and preventing complications of long-term, ongoing conditions. The nurse's talk is not addressing a specific chronic condition or its management, so it does not fall under this category.
Choice B rationale:
Tertiary health promotion aims to minimize the impact of an existing disease or disability and restore function as much as possible. The nurse's talk is not addressing a current disease or disability, but rather preventing them from occurring in the first place, so it does not fall under this category.
Choice C rationale:

Secondary health promotion focuses on early detection and treatment of diseases to prevent or slow their progression. The nurse's talk is not focused on early detection or treatment of specific diseases, but rather on preventing them from developing in the first place, so it does not fall under this category.
Choice D rationale:
Primary health promotion emphasizes preventing diseases and promoting overall wellness before any health problems arise. This aligns directly with the nurse's talk on diet and exercise, as these are key lifestyle factors that can significantly reduce the risk of many chronic diseases and promote overall health.
Here's a breakdown of why this is primary health promotion:
Focus on prevention: The talk is not about managing existing conditions or detecting diseases early; it's about preventing them from occurring in the first place.
Addressing root causes: Diet and exercise are fundamental factors that influence overall health and can contribute to the development of many chronic diseases. By addressing these root causes, the nurse is working to prevent these diseases from developing.
Promoting healthy behaviors: The talk encourages individuals to adopt healthy behaviors that can have a lasting impact on their health. This aligns with primary health promotion's focus on empowering individuals to take control of their own health.