A nurse observes an unknown man in a laboratory coat making copies of a client's medical record. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

The nurse should make the statement "I need to talk to you about unit expectations regarding timely completion of tasks" to resolve the conflict with the AP who has been taking long breaks and making personal phone calls. This statement is assertive and focuses on the issue at hand without blaming or attacking the AP. It also opens up a dialogue between the nurse and the AP to discuss the issue and find a resolution.

The other statements are not effective in resolving the conflict. Statements such as "Several staff members have commented that you don't do your fair share of the work" [a] and "You have been very inconsiderate of others by not completing your share of the work" [b] are accusatory and may make the AP defensive.

Threatening to inform the nurse manager [c] may also escalate the conflict and is not a constructive way to address the issue.

The correct answer is Choice C.

Choice A rationale: Obtaining consent directly from a client who has received IV morphine sulfate is invalid due to impaired cognitive function. Morphine acts on mu-opioid receptors in the central nervous system, reducing alertness, memory retention, and decision-making capacity. Informed consent requires full comprehension of risks, benefits, and alternatives. Morphine’s sedative effects compromise this standard. Normal Glasgow Coma Scale should be 15 for full alertness; sedation lowers this, rendering consent legally and ethically unsound.

Choice B rationale: The nurse cannot legally sign the consent on behalf of the client, even if the client is acknowledged. This violates the principle of autonomy and informed decision-making. The nurse’s role is to witness the client’s signature, not substitute it. Morphine impairs cognition, and any consent obtained under its influence is invalid. Legal standards require that the client be alert, oriented, and capable of understanding the procedure. Proxy consent must be pursued if capacity is compromised.

Choice C rationale: When a client is under the influence of opioids and lacks decision-making capacity, consent must be obtained from a legally authorized representative, such as a relative or healthcare proxy. Morphine alters consciousness and impairs executive function, making the client temporarily incompetent. Legal surrogates are empowered to make healthcare decisions in such cases. This ensures ethical compliance and protects patient rights. The nurse must verify documentation of proxy authority before proceeding with consent.

Choice D rationale: Delaying the procedure may be necessary if no authorized proxy is available, but it is not the first action. The priority is to identify and contact a legally authorized representative to obtain valid consent. Delays can compromise care, especially in urgent surgical cases. The nurse must act promptly to secure proxy consent, ensuring procedural integrity and patient safety. Only if no proxy is reachable should delay be considered, with documentation of rationale.