A nurse performs an integumentary assessment of a client who has recently fallen and broken his leg. The nurse notes the skin coloring on the broken leg is bluish gray. What is the term for this change in skin color?

A. Edema:

Edema refers to the presence of swelling caused by an accumulation of fluid. While the nurse can observe and measure edema, the sensation of swelling itself is subjective and based on the client's perception.

B. Heart Rate:

Heart rate is an objective measure of the number of heartbeats per minute. It can be measured and observed by the healthcare provider, making it an objective data point.

C. Chills

Subjective data refers to information that is based on the client's personal experiences, perceptions, and feelings. Chills, which describe a feeling of coldness often associated with shivering, are a subjective symptom that the client experiences.

D. Pallor:

Pallor refers to an unusually pale or white skin color. While the nurse can observe and assess the color of the skin, the client's perception of pallor is subjective.

A. “I will begin upon the client’s admission to the facility.”

Effective discharge planning should start upon the client's admission to the facility. It is an ongoing process that involves assessing the patient's needs, planning for post-discharge care, and ensuring a smooth transition from the hospital to the next level of care. Early initiation of discharge planning allows the healthcare team to address any potential barriers, educate the patient and their family, and coordinate necessary resources for a successful transition.

B. “I will begin once the client’s insurance company approves discharge coverage.”

Waiting for insurance approval may delay the discharge planning process and hinder the timely coordination of resources needed for post-discharge care.

C. “I will begin 48 hr before the client’s discharge.”

Waiting until 48 hours before discharge may not allow sufficient time to address all aspects of the discharge plan, potentially leading to rushed or incomplete preparations.

D. “I will begin once the client’s discharge order is written.”

Waiting for the discharge order may delay the start of the planning process, and effective discharge planning should be initiated earlier to ensure comprehensive and patient-centered care.