A patient at a sports camp is complaining of itchy and watery eyes, coughing, and sneezing when outdoors. The patient's chart states that he has an allergy to grasses. Which medication will the nurse administer?
Antihistamine
Antitussive
Decongestant
Expectorant
The Correct Answer is A
A. Antihistamine: Antihistamines are the first-line treatment for allergic reactions such as itchy, watery eyes, sneezing, and coughing caused by allergens like grass pollen. They block histamine, the chemical responsible for allergic symptoms, providing effective relief in seasonal allergies.
B. Antitussive: Antitussives suppress coughing and are used for dry, nonproductive coughs. They do not address the underlying allergic reaction or associated symptoms like sneezing and itchy eyes, making them inappropriate for this case.
C. Decongestant: Decongestants relieve nasal congestion by constricting blood vessels in the nasal mucosa. While they may help with stuffiness, they do not treat the histamine-mediated symptoms such as watery eyes or sneezing effectively.
D. Expectorant: Expectorants thin mucus to help with productive coughs. They are not helpful in treating allergic reactions and will not relieve the patient's symptoms caused by grass allergy exposure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Bronchitis:Bronchitis presents with a productive cough, chest discomfort, and sometimes wheezing, but it does not usually involve facial tenderness, purulent nasal drainage, or worsening nighttime cough due to postnasal drip. Symptoms also tend to resolve in under 2 weeks.
B. Sinusitis:Sinusitis is characterized by persistent cold-like symptoms lasting more than 10 days, purulent nasal discharge, headache, facial pain or tenderness, and a cough that worsens at night due to postnasal drainage. This description fits the presentation of pediatric sinusitis.
C. Asthma:Asthma presents with wheezing, shortness of breath, and episodic coughing, especially at night or during exertion. It does not cause purulent nasal drainage, facial tenderness, or prolonged cold symptoms, which point more toward sinus infection.
D. Allergic rhinitis:Allergic rhinitis causes sneezing, clear nasal discharge, itchy eyes, and nasal congestion, but not purulent drainage or facial pain. Symptoms are usually triggered by allergens and are not typically accompanied by fever or thick mucus.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Physical therapy for homebound therapy services:Physical therapy is not routinely indicated in TB management unless the patient has specific mobility deficits. TB treatment focuses more on medication adherence and infection control rather than physical rehabilitation.
B. Occupational therapy for job retraining:There is no direct indication for job retraining in a TB patient unless the illness has caused long-term disability or affected occupational function, which is not suggested in this scenario.
C. Community social worker for Meals on Wheels:Meals on Wheels may assist with nutrition, but it is not specific to TB care. Social services do not directly ensure adherence to TB therapy, which is crucial for treatment success and public health safety.
D. Visiting Nurses for directly observed therapy:Directly observed therapy (DOT) ensures the client takes prescribed TB medications under supervision, which is essential to prevent noncompliance, reduce drug resistance, and promote cure. Visiting nurses are best positioned to provide this support during long-term outpatient TB treatment.
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