A patient has been admitted with a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. The nurse would expect which of the following electrocardiogram (ECG) changes as a result of this laboratory value?

U waves.

Absent P waves.

Elevated T waves.

Inverted QRS complexes.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:

U waves are not a sign of high potassium level, but rather of low potassium level (hypokalemia) Hypokalemia can cause ST segment depression, T wave flattening or inversion, and prominent U waves.

Choice B reason:

Absent P waves are not a sign of high potassium level, but rather of a severe conduction block or atrial fibrillation. High potassium level can cause P wave widening or flattening, and PR prolongation, but not complete disappearance of P waves.

Choice C reason:

Elevated T waves are the most common and earliest sign of high potassium level (hyperkalemia) Hyperkalemia can cause tall, peaked, symmetric T waves that may merge with the QRS complex. This is the correct answer.

Choice D reason:

Inverted QRS complexes are not a sign of high potassium level, but rather of ventricular arrhythmias or myocardial infarction. High potassium level can cause QRS widening and bizarre QRS morphology, but not inversion.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Furosemide is a potassium-wasting diuretic that may reduce the potassium level in your blood. To counteract the loss of potassium, you should try to eat enough potassium-rich foods in your diet. Some examples of potassium-rich foods include bananas, orange juice, apricots, acorn squash, butternut squash, Hubbard squash, prunes, raisins, and bran products.

Choice B reason:

Furosemide is used to treat high blood pressure and edema by causing the kidneys to get rid of unneeded water and salt from the body into the urine. To enhance the effect of furosemide and prevent fluid retention, you should decrease intake of foods high in sodium. Some examples of sodium-rich foods include processed meats, canned soups, pickles, cheese, salted nuts, and snack foods.

Choice C reason:

Furosemide does not affect the calcium level in your blood significantly. Therefore, there is no need to increase intake of foods high in calcium when taking furosemide. However, you should still consume adequate amounts of calcium for your bone health and other functions. Some examples of calcium-rich foods include milk, yogurt, cheese, broccoli, kale, and fortified cereals.

Choice D reason:

Furosemide does not affect the protein level in your blood significantly. Therefore, there is no need to decrease intake of foods high in protein when taking furosemide. However, you should still consume moderate amounts of protein for your muscle health and other functions. Some examples of protein-rich foods include eggs, fish, poultry, meat, beans, nuts, and seeds.

Choice E reason:

Furosemide can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance by increasing urine output. Therefore, you should increase intake of fluids as tolerated to prevent these complications. You should drink enough water to keep your urine clear or pale yellow. You should also avoid alcohol and caffeine as they can worsen dehydration.

A. Hypotonic and will move fluid out of the vascular space. B. Hypertonic and will move fluid into the vascular space. C. Isotonic and will expand the vascular space. D. Isotonic and will have no effect on fluid movement.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect because 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is an isotonic solution, not a hypotonic one. Isotonic solutions have the same concentration of solutes as blood plasma and do not cause fluid movement across the cell membrane.

Choice B reason:

This is incorrect because 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is an isotonic solution, not a hypertonic one. Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of solutes than blood plasma and cause fluid to move out of the cells and into the vascular space.

Choice C reason:

This is correct because 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is an isotonic solution that will expand the vascular space by adding fluid without changing the concentration of solutes. This is useful for patients with hyponatremia (low sodium level in the blood) who need to restore their fluid and electrolyte balance.

Choice D reason:

This is incorrect because 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) is an isotonic solution that will expand the vascular space by adding fluid without changing the concentration of solutes. It will not have no effect on fluid movement, as it will increase the intravascular volume.

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A patient has been admitted with a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. The nurse would expect which of the following electrocardiogram (ECG) changes as a result of this laboratory value?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has chronic heart failure and is prescribed furosemide, a loop diuretic. Which of the following dietary modifications should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

The nurse is preparing to hang a bag of 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) for a patient who has hyponatremia. The nurse knows that this type of solution is:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A patient has been admitted with a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L. The nurse would expect which of the following electrocardiogram (ECG) changes as a result of this laboratory value?

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