A patient has been taking ergotamine to relieve their migraines. Which of the following adverse effects would indicate to the nurse that the drug may have entered into toxic levels?

Diarrhea

Delirium

Hypotension

Bradycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Diarrhea is not typically associated with ergotamine toxicity. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting are more common adverse effects of ergotamine use.
B.   Delirium is a potential sign of ergotamine toxicity. At toxic levels, ergotamine can cause central nervous system symptoms such as confusion, hallucinations, and delirium.
C.   Hypotension may occur as an adverse effect of ergotamine due to its vasoconstrictive properties. However, hypotension alone may not indicate ergotamine toxicity.
D.   Bradycardia is not a typical adverse effect of ergotamine. Ergotamine is more commonly associated with vasoconstriction and can lead to hypertension or tachycardia rather than bradycardia.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Constricted pupils: Adrenergic agonist drugs typically cause pupil dilation (mydriasis), not constriction.
B. Increased heart rate: Adrenergic agonists stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to increased heart rate (positive chronotropic effect) and increased cardiac contractility (positive
inotropic effect).

C. Bronchial constriction: Adrenergic agonists typically cause bronchodilation, not constriction.

D. Increased GI peristalsis: Adrenergic agonists usually inhibit GI motility, leading to decreased GI peristalsis and potentially constipation

A. "I will need to take extra care of my teeth and gums while on this medication." B. "I will be able to stop taking this drug once the seizures stop." C. "I can go out for a beer while on this medication." D. "I can skip doses if the side effects bother me."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "I will need to take extra care of my teeth and gums while on this medication.": Phenytoin can cause gum overgrowth (gingival hyperplasia), so taking extra care of oral hygiene is important.
B. "I will be able to stop taking this drug once the seizures stop.": Phenytoin is typically used as a long-term therapy for seizure control; stopping abruptly can lead to rebound seizures.
C. "I can go out for a beer while on this medication.": Alcohol consumption may interact with phenytoin and should be avoided or limited.
D. "I can skip doses if the side effects bother me.": Skipping doses of phenytoin can lead to inadequate seizure control and should not be done without consulting a healthcare provider.

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A patient has been taking ergotamine to relieve their migraines. Which of the following adverse effects would indicate to the nurse that the drug may have entered into toxic levels?

Nursing Test Bank

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