A patient is having a cardiac evaluation to assess for possible heart failure and valvular disease. Which study best identifies heart function and measures the size of the cardiac chambers?

Electrophysiology study

12-lead electrocardiogram

Cardiac catheterization

Echocardiogram

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. An electrophysiology study assesses the electrical activity of the heart but does not evaluate heart function or chamber size.
B. A 12-lead electrocardiogram records the electrical activity of the heart but does not provide detailed information on heart function or chamber size.
C. Cardiac catheterization is an invasive procedure used to assess coronary artery disease and other structural heart conditions but is not the primary study for evaluating heart function and chamber size.
D. An echocardiogram is a non-invasive ultrasound that provides detailed images of the heart, including its function, chamber size, and valve function, making it the best choice for this purpose.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Crackles are more commonly associated with left ventricular failure, which leads to pulmonary congestion.

B. Hepatomegaly, or an enlarged liver, is a sign of right ventricular failure due to blood backing up in the systemic circulation.

C. Jugular venous distention is a classic sign of right ventricular failure as blood accumulates in the venous system.

D. Orthopnea, or difficulty breathing while lying down, is more indicative of left ventricular failure.

E. Peripheral edema is a hallmark of right ventricular failure, resulting from increased venous pressure.

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure.

<div id="exhibits">Exhibits</div>

For each potential provider's prescription, click to specify if the prescription is essential (high priority) non-essential (low priority) or contraindicated(unrelated) for the client.

A. Furosemide B. Echocardiogram C. Aspirin D. Losartan E. Cardiac catheterization F. Chest X-ray

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

Furosemide: Furosemide is a diuretic that is commonly used to manage fluid overload in patients with heart failure. The patient has significant pitting edema, increasing dyspnea, and elevated BNP levels, indicating worsening heart failure. Administering furosemide is a high priority to reduce fluid overload and relieve symptoms.

Echocardiogram: An echocardiogram can provide valuable information about heart function.

Aspirin: Aspirin is typically used for its antiplatelet effects in conditions like coronary artery disease. It is not essential for managing acute symptoms of heart failure. The patient’s primary issue is fluid overload rather than a clotting concern.

Losartan: Losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), is commonly used in the management of chronic heart failure to reduce afterload and prevent further cardiac remodeling. It is essential as part of the long-term management plan for heart failure.

Cardiac catheterization: Cardiac catheterization is an invasive procedure typically used to assess coronary artery disease or for interventional procedures. It is not indicated for the acute management of heart failure symptoms and could pose unnecessary risks in this context.

Chest X-ray: A chest X-ray is essential to assess the extent of pulmonary congestion and rule out other causes of respiratory distress, such as pneumonia or pleural effusion, which are important in managing a patient with worsening heart failure.

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A patient is having a cardiac evaluation to assess for possible heart failure and valvular disease. Which study best identifies heart function and measures the size of the cardiac chambers?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which clinical manifestations are indicative of right ventricular failure? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure. <div id="exhibits">Exhibits</div> For each potential provider's prescription, click to specify if the prescription is essential (high priority) non-essential (low priority) or contraindicated(unrelated) for the client.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"C"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"B"},"F":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

The main purpose of critical care certification is to

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