A patient is having a cardiac evaluation to assess for possible heart failure and valvular disease. Which study best identifies heart function and measures the size of the cardiac chambers?

Electrophysiology study

12-lead electrocardiogram

Cardiac catheterization

Echocardiogram

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. An electrophysiology study assesses the electrical activity of the heart but does not evaluate heart function or chamber size.
B. A 12-lead electrocardiogram records the electrical activity of the heart but does not provide detailed information on heart function or chamber size.
C. Cardiac catheterization is an invasive procedure used to assess coronary artery disease and other structural heart conditions but is not the primary study for evaluating heart function and chamber size.
D. An echocardiogram is a non-invasive ultrasound that provides detailed images of the heart, including its function, chamber size, and valve function, making it the best choice for this purpose.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While lowering BP to 120/80 may be an ultimate goal, it is not the initial target in a hypertensive emergency.

B. Rapid reduction in blood pressure can cause hypoperfusion of vital organs such as the brain, heart, and kidneys, leading to ischemic injury. The aim is to reduce the BP gradually to prevent these complications.

C. IV antihypertensive medications generally have a rapid onset, not a slow one.

D. While gradual reduction is important, it is not done to allow rest but to protect organ perfusion.

A. Cluster nursing activities so that the patient has uninterrupted rest periods. B. Silence the alarms on the cardiac monitors to allow 30- to 40-minute naps. C. Administer sedatives or opioids at bedtime to promote sleep. D. Eliminate assessments between 2200 and 0600 to allow uninterrupted sleep

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Clustering nursing activities helps to minimize interruptions, allowing the patient to have longer periods of uninterrupted rest, which is essential for recovery and reducing sensory disturbances from sleep deprivation.

B. Silencing alarms could compromise patient safety and is not recommended.

C. Administering sedatives or opioids should be done cautiously and is not a first-line approach for promoting sleep, especially if non-pharmacological methods can be effective.

D. While reducing nighttime assessments may help with sleep, it is not always feasible and should be balanced with the need for monitoring the patient’s condition.

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A patient is having a cardiac evaluation to assess for possible heart failure and valvular disease. Which study best identifies heart function and measures the size of the cardiac chambers?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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