A patient presents with metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following is a likely contributing factor?
Chronic diarrhea.
Hypoventilation.
Excessive vomiting.
Renal failure.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Chronic diarrhea: Diarrhea results in the loss of bicarbonate, which leads to metabolic acidosis.
B. Hypoventilation: Hypoventilation causes the retention of CO2, leading to respiratory acidosis.
C. Excessive vomiting: Vomiting results in the loss of hydrochloric acid (HCl) from the stomach. The loss of acid leaves the body in a relatively basic (alkaline) state.
D. Renal failure: In renal failure, the kidneys fail to excrete metabolic acids, typically leading to metabolic acidosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Production of intrinsic factor: Intrinsic factor is produced by the stomach's parietal cells.
B. Excretion of waste products: While the kidney does this, the specific RAAS pathway is a hormonal system for pressure and volume control.
C. Regulation of blood pressure and fluid balance: RAAS causes vasoconstriction (increasing pressure) and aldosterone release (increasing sodium/water retention), which increases blood volume.
D. Regulation of respiratory rate: This is controlled by the medulla oblongata and chemoreceptors in the blood.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Reabsorption of potassium ions: Potassium balance is vital for cardiac function but is not the primary mechanism for pH regulation.
B. Filtration of proteins: Proteins are generally too large to be filtered; their presence in urine usually indicates kidney damage.
C. Excretion of glucose and sodium: These regulate energy and fluid volume, not blood acidity.
D. Secretion of hydrogen ions and reabsorption of bicarbonate: To raise blood pH (make it less acidic), the kidneys dump H+ (acid) into the urine and return HCO3 (base/buffer) to the blood.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.