A patient with blood type O needs a transfusion. Which blood type is compatible for this patient?
B
AB
A
The Correct Answer is B
A. B: Blood type B contains B antigens and anti-A antibodies; transfusing B into an O recipient (who has anti-A and anti-B) would cause a hemolytic reaction.
B. 0: Type O blood (often written "O") lacks A and B antigens and is compatible with a type O recipient; type O recipients, however, generally can only receive type O blood.
C. AB: Type AB blood has both A and B antigens and would be incompatible with a type O recipient who has antibodies against both.
D. A: Type A blood contains A antigens and anti-B antibodies; transfusing A into an O recipient would trigger a reaction due to anti-A/B antibodies in the recipient.
Nursing Test Bank
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. It directly releases cortisol into the bloodstream.:The hypothalamus does not release cortisol; cortisol is secreted by the adrenal cortex under pituitary control.
B. It secretes antidiuretic hormone (ADH) to control fluid balance.:ADH is synthesized in the hypothalamus but is stored and released from the posterior pituitary; secretion of ADH is one hypothalamic function but not the primary role in the HPA axis.
C. It inhibits the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex.:Aldosterone regulation is mainly via the renin–angiotensin system and potassium levels; the hypothalamus does not primarily inhibit aldosterone.
D. It secretes corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) to stimulate ACTH release.:The hypothalamus releases CRH, which stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete ACTH, initiating the HPA axis cascade that leads to cortisol production.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. The hypothalamus is posterior to the pituitary gland:The hypothalamus is actually superior (above) and connected to the pituitary; it is not located posterior to the pituitary.
B. The hypothalamus is located within the sella turcica:The sella turcica is the bony depression in the sphenoid bone that houses the pituitary gland, not the hypothalamus, which lies superior to it in the diencephalon.
C. The pituitary gland is superior to the hypothalamus:The pituitary lies inferior to the hypothalamus; it is not superior.
D. The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum:The infundibulum (pituitary stalk) physically connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary, allowing neural and vascular communication between them.
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