A teacher is concerned that a 7-year-old girl does not talk in class. She only talks when she is alone or with specific close friends. This scenario is most consistent with which psychiatric condition?
Rett syndrome
Selective mutism
Autism
Rumination disorder
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Rett syndrome is a genetic disorder primarily affecting females, with developmental regression, hand stereotypies, and loss of purposeful hand skills, not selective speaking behavior.
Choice B reason: Selective mutism is an anxiety disorder characterized by consistent failure to speak in specific social situations (such as school) despite speaking in other settings. It typically presents in children around age 5–7 and is associated with social anxiety.
Choice C reason: Autism spectrum disorder involves social communication deficits, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors. While mutism may occur, the key feature here is situation-specific silence rather than global social communication deficits.
Choice D reason: Rumination disorder involves repeated regurgitation of food and is unrelated to selective speech behavior.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Permanent deformity is not required for diagnosis; while severe picking may cause scarring, the diagnostic criterion focuses on observable skin lesions.
Choice B reason: Infections can occur secondary to skin-picking but are not necessary to fulfill diagnostic criteria.
Choice C reason: Skin lesions resulting from recurrent and compulsive picking are the core diagnostic feature of excoriation disorder. The behavior must result in noticeable tissue damage.
Choice D reason: Seeking medical attention is not a requirement for diagnosis; many individuals with excoriation disorder do not present for care despite the lesions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Oral antibiotics are not effective for intrapartum prophylaxis because they do not achieve adequate levels in the maternal bloodstream during delivery to prevent neonatal infection.
Choice B reason: Administering antibiotics prior to labor may reduce maternal colonization but does not provide reliable protection for the neonate at the time of delivery.
Choice C reason: Birth canal washes with chlorhexidine have been studied but are not considered effective or standard for preventing neonatal Group B Streptococcus transmission.
Choice D reason: This is correct. Intrapartum IV antibiotic prophylaxis, typically with penicillin or ampicillin, is the recommended method to prevent vertical transmission of Group B Streptococcus to the newborn. Administering antibiotics during labor achieves adequate maternal and fetal concentrations at the time of birth.
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