A water molecule is formed by _______bonds.
ionic
peptide
polar covalent
nonpolar covalent
The Correct Answer is C
A. Ionic: Ionic bonds involve the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other. In water, oxygen and hydrogen share electrons rather than transfer them.
B. Peptide: Peptide bonds form between amino acids during protein synthesis, linking the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of another. Since water is a simple molecule, not a protein, peptide bonds are not involved in its formation.
C. Polar covalent: Polar covalent bonds occur when atoms share electrons unequally due to differences in electronegativity. In water, oxygen pulls the shared electrons closer to itself, creating a partial negative charge on oxygen and partial positive charges on the hydrogens.
D. Nonpolar covalent: Nonpolar covalent bonds involve equal sharing of electrons between atoms with similar electronegativity. Because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, the sharing in water is unequal.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. pH less than 6.8: Hydrogen bonds within proteins and nucleic acids are sensitive to strong acidic conditions. When pH falls below 6.8, the high concentration of hydrogen ions disrupts the weak bonds that stabilize molecular structures, leading to denaturation.
B. pH less than 7.8: A pH slightly below 7.8 is still within a physiologically tolerable range and does not usually disrupt hydrogen bonding. The structure of most proteins remains intact in this environment, so denaturation is unlikely here.
C. pH between 7.34 and 7.45: This range represents the normal physiologic blood pH. Within this range, hydrogen bonds remain stable, supporting the proper folding and function of proteins and enzymes.
D. pH between 6.8 and 7.8: This range includes near-normal physiological pH and only mild deviations into acidosis or alkalosis. While extremes outside this range can damage hydrogen bonds, values here are not usually severe enough to cause denaturation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. DNA is a long, double-stranded molecule made up of A, T, G, and C bases: DNA consists of two complementary strands forming a double helix. Its sequence of adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C) encodes genetic information for protein synthesis and inheritance.
B. tDNA is considered a "molecular slave" of DNA during protein synthesis: There is no molecule called tDNA. Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids during protein synthesis, but the term “tDNA” is incorrect and does not exist in molecular biology.
C. Three forms exist: DNA, RNA, and tDNA: Only DNA and RNA are recognized types of nucleic acids. tDNA is not a valid classification, so this statement is inaccurate.
D. RNA is a long, single-stranded molecule made up of the bases A, T, G, and C: RNA is single-stranded, but it contains uracil (U) instead of thymine (T). Its bases are adenine (A), uracil (U), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).
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