After an infection, many dead and fragmented bacterial cells must be filtered from the body.
Which of the following cells will clear out the cell debris?
Lymphocytes.
Cytokines.
Mast cells.
Macrophages.
The Correct Answer is D
Macrophages are the main cells that clear out the cell debris by phagocytosis, a process that involves recognition, engulfment, and degradation of the disposable particles.
Macrophages are professional phagocytes that can be found in various tissues and organs, where they perform efferocytosis, the removal of dead and dying cells.
Choice A is wrong because lymphocytes are not phagocytes, but rather immune cells that mediate adaptive immunity by producing antibodies or killing infected cells.
Choice B is wrong because cytokines are not cells, but rather soluble molecules that regulate inflammation and immunity by acting as signals between cells.
Choice C is wrong because mast cells are not primarily involved in clearing cell debris, but rather in allergic reactions and innate immunity by releasing histamine and other mediators.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This is the correct sequence of parts through which blood moves from the vena cava to the lungs.
Choice B is wrong because it reverses the order of the right atrium and right ventricle. Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle, not the other way around.
Choice C is wrong because it switches the positions of the tricuspid valve and the pulmonary valve.
Blood flows from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle, and then through the pulmonary valve to the pulmonary artery.
Choice D is wrong because it also switches the positions of the tricuspid valve and the pulmonary valve, and reverses the order of the right atrium and right ventricle.
Blood flows from the right atrium through the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle, and then through the pulmonary valve to the pulmonary artery.
The normal range of blood pressure in the vena cava is about 0 to 5 mmHg, while in the pulmonary artery, it is about 15 to 25 mmHg.
The normal range of oxygen saturation in the vena cava is about 60% to 80%, while in the pulmonary vein, it is about 95% to 100%.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The right atrium receives blood directly from the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus.
The superior vena cava and inferior vena cava bring deoxygenated blood from the upper and lower body, respectively.
The coronary sinus brings blood from the heart muscle.
Choice B is wrong because it excludes the coronary sinus, which also empties into the right atrium.
Choice C is wrong because it includes the pulmonary veins, which carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium, not the right atrium.
Choice D is wrong because it only includes the pulmonary veins, which are not connected to the right atrium at all.
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