After assessing a woman who has come to the clinic, the nurse suspects that the woman is experiencing abnormal uterine bleeding. Which statement by the client would support the nurse's suspicions?

"I get sharp pain in my lower abdomen usually starting soon after my period comes."

"I get really irritable and moody about a week before my period."

"I've been having bleeding off and on that's irregular and sometimes heavy"

"My periods have been unusually short but heavy lately."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. "I get sharp pain in my lower abdomen usually starting soon after my period comes.": This statement suggests dysmenorrhea, which refers to painful menstruation caused by uterine contractions or conditions like endometriosis, not abnormal uterine bleeding.

B. "I get really irritable and moody about a week before my period.": These symptoms are consistent with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), a hormonal and emotional response that occurs before menstruation, not a bleeding irregularity.

C. "I've been having bleeding off and on that's irregular and sometimes heavy.": This supports abnormal uterine bleeding, which is characterized by irregular, unpredictable, or excessively heavy bleeding outside the normal menstrual cycle. Such bleeding often indicates hormonal imbalance, uterine pathology, or systemic conditions.

D. "My periods have been unusually short but heavy lately.": While this may suggest menorrhagia or other menstrual changes, it is still a cyclical pattern. Abnormal uterine bleeding typically involves unpredictable timing or prolonged irregular bleeding beyond normal cycles.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Increased urinary output: Polyuria is not a characteristic sign of lead poisoning. Lead primarily affects the hematologic, neurologic, and gastrointestinal systems rather than directly influencing renal water regulation, unless nephropathy develops in chronic exposure.

B. Anorexia: Loss of appetite is a common manifestation of acute lead poisoning due to the toxic effects of lead on the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. The child may also experience abdominal pain, irritability, and constipation in addition to decreased appetite.

C. Jaundice: Jaundice is not typically associated with lead poisoning. Although lead interferes with heme synthesis, it does not usually cause bilirubin accumulation or liver dysfunction that would result in jaundice.

D. Diarrhea: Gastrointestinal upset can occur, but diarrhea is not as common as constipation in lead toxicity. Lead decreases peristalsis and causes smooth muscle spasm in the intestines, leading more often to constipation than to diarrhea.

A. "It is normal for your bowel movements to be black." B. "Take the medication on an empty stomach." C. "Add an aspirin to the regimen if you do not get relief right away." D. "Start taking the medication before you first get your period."

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "It is normal for your bowel movements to be black.": Black stools may indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, a potential adverse effect of ibuprofen. This finding is not normal and should be reported immediately to the healthcare provider.

B. "Take the medication on an empty stomach.": Ibuprofen can irritate the gastric mucosa and increase the risk of ulcers or bleeding. It should always be taken with food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal discomfort and protect the stomach lining.

C. "Add an aspirin to the regimen if you do not get relief right away.": Combining ibuprofen with aspirin increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and does not enhance pain control. Only one NSAID should be used at a time unless specifically prescribed.

D. "Start taking the medication before you first get your period.": NSAIDs like ibuprofen are most effective when started 1–2 days before menstruation or at the onset of symptoms, as they inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, reducing uterine contractions and menstrual pain.

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After assessing a woman who has come to the clinic, the nurse suspects that the woman is experiencing abnormal uterine bleeding. Which statement by the client would support the nurse's suspicions?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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