After having an ultrasound, the fetus' heart shows that "normal fetal circulation is occurring.”. The RN is teaching a pregnant client about normal fetal circulation.Which of the following statements is consistent with the finding?
Blood is returning to the right atrium from the pulmonary system.
Blood is returning to the placenta via the umbilical arteries.
Blood is being shunted to the right side from the left side of the heart.
A right to left shunt is seen between the umbilical arteries.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Blood returning to the right atrium from the pulmonary system is consistent with adult circulation, not fetal circulation. In fetal circulation, blood bypasses the lungs via the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale since the fetus receives oxygenated blood from the placenta, not the lungs.
Choice B rationale
Blood is returning to the placenta via the umbilical arteries. In fetal circulation, deoxygenated blood is carried from the fetus to the placenta through the umbilical arteries. This is consistent with normal fetal circulation as the placenta is responsible for gas exchange.
Choice C rationale
Blood being shunted to the right side from the left side of the heart is incorrect. In fetal circulation, there is a right-to-left shunt through the foramen ovale, allowing blood to bypass the non-functioning fetal lungs and go directly into systemic circulation.
Choice D rationale
A right-to-left shunt is not seen between the umbilical arteries. Instead, the shunts in fetal circulation are the ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus, and foramen ovale, which help reroute blood away from the fetal lungs and liver.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Heartburn is common due to the relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter caused by progesterone, but quickening (the first movement of the fetus felt by the mother) typically occurs earlier in pregnancy, around 18-20 weeks.
Choice B rationale
Nausea and vomiting are more common in the first trimester due to hormonal changes, particularly increased levels of hCG. These symptoms often decrease as pregnancy progresses.
Choice C rationale
A stuffy nose and bleeding gums can occur due to increased blood volume and hormonal changes affecting mucous membranes, but these are more noticeable in the earlier stages of pregnancy.
Choice D rationale
Constipation and hemorrhoids are common in the third trimester. The growing uterus can put pressure on the rectum and intestines, slowing down bowel movements and increasing the risk of hemorrhoids.
Correct Answer is ["3.9"]
Explanation
Step 1 is 3900 grams ÷ 1000 = 3.9 kg
Step 2 is 25 mg/kg × 3.9 kg = 97.5 mg
Step 3 is 97.5 mg ÷ (125 mg/5 mL) = 3.9 mL
The newborn will receive 3.9 mL in 24 hours.
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