After having an ultrasound, the fetus' heart shows that "normal fetal circulation is occurring.”. The RN is teaching a pregnant client about normal fetal circulation.Which of the following statements is consistent with the finding?
Blood is returning to the right atrium from the pulmonary system.
Blood is returning to the placenta via the umbilical arteries.
Blood is being shunted to the right side from the left side of the heart.
A right to left shunt is seen between the umbilical arteries.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Blood returning to the right atrium from the pulmonary system is consistent with adult circulation, not fetal circulation. In fetal circulation, blood bypasses the lungs via the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale since the fetus receives oxygenated blood from the placenta, not the lungs.
Choice B rationale
Blood is returning to the placenta via the umbilical arteries. In fetal circulation, deoxygenated blood is carried from the fetus to the placenta through the umbilical arteries. This is consistent with normal fetal circulation as the placenta is responsible for gas exchange.
Choice C rationale
Blood being shunted to the right side from the left side of the heart is incorrect. In fetal circulation, there is a right-to-left shunt through the foramen ovale, allowing blood to bypass the non-functioning fetal lungs and go directly into systemic circulation.
Choice D rationale
A right-to-left shunt is not seen between the umbilical arteries. Instead, the shunts in fetal circulation are the ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus, and foramen ovale, which help reroute blood away from the fetal lungs and liver.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Lie on back when counting kicks is incorrect. It is recommended to lie on the side, preferably the left side, as lying on the back can compress major blood vessels and affect circulation to the fetus.
Choice B rationale
You can begin counting fetal movements at 8 weeks gestation is incorrect. Fetal movements are typically felt by the mother starting around 18-20 weeks of gestation, not as early as 8 weeks.
Choice C rationale
Call healthcare provider if at least 3 movements are not felt over an hour. This is an important guideline as decreased fetal movements can indicate potential issues and should be reported to the healthcare provider for further evaluation.
Choice D rationale
Count movements at the same time each day is a good practice but it is not the most critical instruction. While consistency is beneficial, the immediate action for decreased movements is more urgent.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Rubella vaccination is contraindicated during pregnancy due to the risk of congenital rubella syndrome in the fetus. It should be administered postpartum if the client is non-immune.
Choice B rationale
Preterm labor is a concern at 28 weeks' gestation. Educating the client on signs and symptoms can help in early detection and management, potentially improving outcomes for both mother and baby.
Choice C rationale
Rh-negative mothers with a negative antibody screen should receive Rhogam at 28 weeks to prevent Rh sensitization. This is crucial to avoid hemolytic disease of the newborn in future pregnancies.
Choice D rationale
A positive urine analysis for leukocytes indicates a possible urinary tract infection. A clean catch urine culture is needed to identify the causative organism and guide appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Choice E rationale
The glucose challenge test result of 120 at 26 weeks is within normal limits, but a 3-hour diagnostic glucose tolerance test may be ordered if there's a high index of suspicion for gestational diabetes or other risk factors.
Choice F rationale
A blood transfusion is not indicated as the hemoglobin/hematocrit levels (11.0 mg/dl and 35%) are within acceptable limits for pregnancy.
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