A nurse is speaking with a client who is 6 weeks' gestation.
The client tells the nurse that she smokes one pack per day, but is trying to quit.
The nurse should explain that newborns born to women who smoke are at risk for:

Choice A rationale

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is involved in the maturation of ovarian follicles and the menstrual cycle. While it is crucial for fertility, it is not directly responsible for maintaining pregnancy once implantation occurs.

Choice B rationale

Progesterone is essential for maintaining pregnancy. It prepares the endometrium for implantation and supports the early stages of pregnancy by preventing uterine contractions that could dislodge the embryo.

Choice C rationale

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) supports the corpus luteum in early pregnancy, ensuring the continued production of progesterone and estrogen. However, implantation failure is less likely due to a lack of HCG.

Choice D rationale

Prolactin plays a role in lactation and has some influence on reproductive health, but it is not primarily responsible for implantation. A lack of prolactin is less likely to be the cause of failed implantation. .

Choice A rationale

Basal body temperature drops slightly for 24-48 hours before ovulation, indicating the most fertile period.

Choice B rationale

Luteinizing hormone surges just before ovulation, triggering the release of an egg from the ovary.

Choice C rationale

Vaginal acidity does not significantly decrease during ovulation; it remains relatively constant.

Choice D rationale

Libido often rises during ovulation due to hormonal changes, which can increase the chances of conception.