After several hours of using imagery and music to promote comfort, the laboring client becomes discouraged and frustrated.

What action will the nurse take?

Choice A rationale
The occiput anterior position is optimal for labor and birth due to the fetal head's alignment with the maternal pelvis, reducing resistance and facilitating descent through the birth canal.
Choice B rationale
The occiput posterior position can lead to prolonged labor and increased discomfort because the fetal head does not align with the maternal pelvis as effectively as in the anterior position.
Choice C rationale
The mentum posterior position is uncommon and often requires medical intervention, as the chin-first presentation can obstruct labor progression and prevent the fetus from passing through the birth canal.
Choice D rationale
The occiput transverse position may result in a difficult labor due to the fetal head being oriented sideways, hindering descent and potentially necessitating medical assistance or operative delivery.

Choice A rationale
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) maintains the corpus luteum, ensuring the continued production of progesterone and estrogen, which are crucial for maintaining pregnancy.
Choice B rationale
Testosterone is not produced by the placenta during pregnancy, but is rather a male sex hormone produced primarily by the testes in males and small amounts by the ovaries in females.
Choice C rationale
Insulin is not produced by the placenta; it is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels in the mother's body during pregnancy.
Choice D rationale
Estrogen produced by the placenta stimulates the growth of the uterus and helps regulate various functions essential for a healthy pregnancy.
Choice E rationale
Progesterone produced by the placenta helps maintain the uterine lining, reduces uterine contractions, and supports a favorable environment for fetal development throughout pregnancy.