The most common cause of decreased variability in the FHR that lasts 20 minutes or less is:
Fetal sleep cycles.
Head compression during contractions.
Fetal hypoxemia.
Umbilical cord compression.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Fetal sleep cycles cause temporary decreased variability in FHR, typically lasting 20 minutes or less. FHR baseline remains normal. Normal FHR variability is 6-25 bpm.
Choice B rationale
Head compression during contractions leads to early decelerations in FHR, not decreased variability. Early decelerations are a normal response to pressure on the fetal head.
Choice C rationale
Fetal hypoxemia causes decreased variability but usually persists for longer than 20 minutes. It indicates compromised oxygen supply, requiring immediate intervention.
Choice D rationale
Umbilical cord compression leads to variable decelerations in FHR rather than decreased variability. These decelerations vary in onset, duration, and intensity.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Placental insufficiency can cause late decelerations in fetal heart rate due to decreased blood flow, but it typically shows a gradual decrease rather than the abrupt patterns seen here.
Choice B rationale
Abruption usually presents with painful vaginal bleeding and a tender uterus, rather than specific changes in fetal heart rate patterns like those described in the question.
Choice C rationale
Head compression results in early decelerations, which appear as a mirror image of contractions, but these are not sudden drops in heart rate typically seen in cord compression.
Choice D rationale
Cord compression leads to variable decelerations characterized by sudden drops in fetal heart rate, caused by temporary reduction in oxygen flow to the fetus. This matches the tracing pattern described.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
X-ray is not used to identify fetal lie, presentation, and engagement due to the risk of fetal radiation exposure. Other techniques provide safer, non-invasive assessments.
Choice B rationale
Robert’s Procedure is not a recognized technique for assessing fetal lie, presentation, and engagement. It lacks scientific evidence and validation in clinical practice.
Choice C rationale
McRobert’s Maneuvers are primarily used to resolve shoulder dystocia during delivery, not to assess fetal lie, presentation, and engagement. They are emergency measures rather than diagnostic tools.
Choice D rationale
Leopold’s Maneuvers are systematic palpations of the maternal abdomen to identify fetal lie, presentation, and engagement. This non-invasive method helps determine the fetus’s position and orientation in the uterus.
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