An antiviral that is a nucleotide analog would have an antiviral mode of action that
blocks penetration.
inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking.
bonds to ergosterol in the cell membrane.
blocks DNA replication.
blocks maturation.
The Correct Answer is D
A. blocks penetration: Blocking penetration prevents viruses from entering host cells. Nucleotide analogs do not interfere with viral entry; instead, they act after the virus has already penetrated the host cell.
B. inhibits peptidoglycan cross-linking: Peptidoglycan is a component of bacterial cell walls, not viruses. Antibiotics like penicillin target this process, but nucleotide analogs target viral nucleic acid synthesis, not bacterial cell walls.
C. bonds to ergosterol in the cell membrane: Binding to ergosterol is the mechanism of action for antifungal drugs such as amphotericin B. Nucleotide analogs do not interact with membranes or sterols.
D. blocks DNA replication: Nucleotide analogs resemble natural nucleotides and are incorporated into viral DNA or RNA during replication. Once incorporated, they can terminate chain elongation or cause mutations, effectively inhibiting viral DNA replication and viral proliferation.
E. blocks maturation: Blocking maturation interferes with viral assembly or processing of viral proteins, a mechanism seen with protease inhibitors. Nucleotide analogs act earlier in the replication cycle by directly targeting nucleic acid synthesis rather than late-stage viral maturation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Autotroph: Autotrophs are organisms that use carbon dioxide (CO₂) as their primary carbon source, converting it into organic molecules through processes like photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. They are capable of synthesizing all the carbon compounds they need for growth, making them independent of other organisms for carbon.
B. Heterotroph: Heterotrophs obtain carbon by consuming organic compounds produced by other organisms. They cannot fix CO₂ directly and rely on autotrophs or other heterotrophs for their carbon supply, which is why they are considered consumers rather than primary producers.
C. Parasite: Parasites are organisms that live on or within a host organism, deriving nutrients at the host’s expense. While many parasites are heterotrophic, being parasitic describes their lifestyle rather than their carbon source.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Breakdown of molecules to release energy: Catabolism involves the enzymatic breakdown of complex molecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins into simpler molecules like sugars, fatty acids, and amino acids. This process releases energy, which is captured in the form of ATP to fuel cellular activities, making it a fundamental part of metabolism.
B. Building molecules: The synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones is called anabolism, not catabolism. Anabolic processes, such as protein synthesis or glycogen formation, require energy input rather than releasing energy.
C. DNA replication: DNA replication is a specific cellular process that duplicates genetic material for cell division. While it is essential for cell survival, it is not a catabolic process, as it does not involve the breakdown of molecules for energy production.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.