Case Study-Asthma (Peds)
Electrolyte levels
Pulmonary function test including peak flow
CBC
Allergy skin testing
The Correct Answer is B
A. Electrolyte levels: While important in general health assessment, electrolytes are not specific to evaluating asthma severity or lung function. They would not determine the respiratory status directly.
B. Pulmonary function test including peak flow: This is the most relevant diagnostic tool for asthma. It measures airflow limitation and helps assess the severity of the asthma exacerbation and response to treatment, guiding both immediate care and long-term management.
C. CBC: A CBC may show signs of infection or inflammation but does not assess lung function. It is not specific enough to determine the status of an asthma exacerbation or guide bronchodilator therapy.
D. Allergy skin testing: This may be done later to identify triggers in chronic asthma management, but it is not useful for acute status assessment or immediate treatment decisions.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Montelukast:Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term asthma control and prevention of symptoms. It is not effective for treating acute bronchospasm or providing immediate symptom relief during an asthma attack.
B. Fluticasone:Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used regularly to reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. It does not work quickly enough to relieve acute symptoms like wheezing or shortness of breath.
C. Prednisone:Prednisone is a systemic corticosteroid used for moderate to severe asthma exacerbations, but its onset is delayed. It is typically given alongside a short-acting bronchodilator to reduce inflammation over several hours, not for quick relief.
D. Albuterol:Albuterol is a short-acting beta₂-agonist that works within minutes to relax bronchial smooth muscles, making it the medication of choice for immediate relief of acute asthma symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and dyspnea.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Normal temperature:A temperature of 98.6°F (37°C) is within the normal range and does not contribute to the assessment of asthma severity. It helps rule out infection but does not reflect worsening respiratory status.
B. Slightly elevated heart rate:A heart rate of 122 bpm is elevated for a 7-year-old and may indicate respiratory distress or anxiety. However, it is a nonspecific finding and not the strongest indicator of worsening asthma.
C. Nasal flaring and intercostal retractions:These are classic signs of increased work of breathing and indicate significant respiratory distress. They reflect worsening airway obstruction and the need for immediate intervention to prevent further deterioration.
D. Use of maintenance inhaler:Use of a maintenance inhaler such as fluticasone is part of routine asthma management and does not indicate worsening symptoms. It is a preventive measure, not a reflection of acute status.
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