Cells that break down bone tissue are called:
osteons
osteoblasts.
osteocytes
osteoclasts
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Osteons are structural units of compact bone, not bone-resorbing cells.
B. Osteoblasts are bone-building cells that secrete the matrix and promote bone formation, not breakdown.
C. Osteocytes are mature bone cells derived from osteoblasts. They maintain bone tissue but do not actively break it down.
D. Osteoclasts are large, multinucleated cells responsible for bone resorption. They secrete enzymes and acids that dissolve the bone matrix, playing a vital role in bone remodeling, calcium homeostasis, and repair.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Muscle fiber is the correct term for a single muscle cell. It is multinucleated and contains many myofibrils.
B. Fascicle is a bundle of muscle fibers surrounded by connective tissue (perimysium), not a single cell.
C. Myofibril is a subcellular structure within a muscle fiber made up of repeating sarcomeres; many myofibrils make up one muscle fiber.
D. Myofilament refers to the protein filaments (actin and myosin) within myofibrils that are responsible for contraction, not the entire cell.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Phalanges are the bones of the fingers and toes and articulate with adjacent bones in the hands and feet.
B. Hyoid is a U-shaped bone located in the anterior neck that does not directly articulate with any other bone. Instead, it is anchored by muscles and ligaments, providing support for the tongue and serving as an attachment point for muscles involved in swallowing and speech.
C. Patella is the kneecap and articulates with the femur, forming part of the knee joint.
D. Occipital is a cranial bone that articulates with the parietal and temporal bones and forms part of the skull base.
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