Connected with others and the environment

A. Caring and curing are basically synonymous is incorrect. Leininger’s theory distinguishes between caring (focused on the emotional and cultural aspects) and curing (focused on medical interventions).
B. Caring acts are independent of patient values is also incorrect. According to Leininger, caring is culturally based and must be aligned with the patient’s values, beliefs, and preferences.
C. Care is tailored to meet the needs of the individual patient is correct. Leininger’s Transcultural Nursing Theory emphasizes that caring should be specific to the individual, considering their cultural background and personal experiences.
D. Care uses a standardized approach for all patients is incorrect because Leininger’s theory advocates for culturally specific care, not a one-size-fits-all approach.

A. Social reinforcement involves praise, recognition, or other forms of social approval, such as verbal encouragement, which is not the case here.
B. Activity reinforcement involves offering an enjoyable activity as a reward, such as playtime or watching TV, which does not apply here.
C. Material reinforcement involves giving a tangible item, such as a sticker, as a reward for a desired behavior. This is the type of reinforcement used in this scenario.
D. Negative reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to encourage a behavior, which is not relevant here, as the sticker is a positive reinforcement.