During surgery, the nurse makes the following observations about the patient:
- Pulse rises from 68 beats per minute to 110 beats per minute.
- Temperature increases from 36.5 C to 38.50
- Muscles appear rigid.
The circulating nurse anticipates preparation of:
Naloxone (Narcan)
Dantrolene (Dentrum)
Furosemide (Lasix)
Flumazenil (Romazicon)
Flumazenil (Romazicon)
The Correct Answer is B
The given observations suggest the occurrence of malignant hyperthermia (MH), a potentially life-threatening reaction to certain medications used during anesthesia. MH is characterized by an increase in heart rate (tachycardia), elevated body temperature (hyperthermia), and muscle rigidity. The primary treatment for MH is the administration of dantrolene, which is a skeletal muscle relaxant that helps to counteract the effects of the reaction.
Naloxone (Narcan) is an opioid receptor antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose or excessive opioid sedation.
Furosemide (Lasix) is a diuretic used to treat conditions such as edema and high blood pressure.
Flumazenil (Romazicon) is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist used to reverse the effects of benzodiazepine overdose or excessive sedation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Compartment syndrome is a condition characterized by increased pressure within a muscle compartment, leading to impaired blood flow and potential tissue damage. It can occur when swelling or bleeding within a confined space, such as a cast, causes increased pressure on the surrounding tissues.
Tingling in the toes and decreased sensation can be indicative of nerve compression or damage due to increased pressure in the compartment. It is important to recognize these neurological changes as potential signs of compartment syndrome.
Signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome may include:
- Severe pain that is out of proportion to the injury or not relieved by pain medication.
- Swelling and tightness in the affected area.
- Numbness or tingling.
- Pale or cool skin over the affected area.
- Weakness or decreased sensation in the affected limb.
- In severe cases, paralysis or loss of pulse in the affected area.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Excess body weight, particularly in the abdominal area, can increase intra-abdominal pressure and lead to the weakening of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES is responsible for preventing stomach acid from flowing back into the esophagus. When it becomes weakened, it can contribute to the development of GERD. Other risk factors for GERD include certain dietary choices, such as consuming fatty and spicy foods, smoking, pregnancy, and alcohol consumption.
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