During surgery, the nurse makes the following observations about the patient:

• Pulse rises from 68 beats per minute to 110 beats per minute.
• Temperature increases from 36.5 C to 38.50
• Muscles appear rigid.

The circulating nurse anticipates preparation of:

In a child with acute appendicitis, it is common to observe an elevated white blood cell count (WBC) as a response to the infection or inflammation associated with the condition. The neutrophil count may be within the lower end of the normal range or slightly decreased, as it can be affected by the severity and duration of the appendicitis. The red blood cell count (RBC) appears to be within the normal range. The lactic acid level is normal, indicating no significant metabolic acidosis.

Acute renal failure is characterized by a sudden decline in kidney function, resulting in the inability of the kidneys to adequately filter waste products and maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. Monitoring urine output is essential in assessing kidney function and determining the severity of renal failure. A decrease in urine output or anuria may indicate worsening renal function and the need for immediate interventions.

Assessing electrolyte levels, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus, is crucial because renal failure can disrupt the balance of these electrolytes in the body. Imbalances can lead to complications such as electrolyte abnormalities, cardiac dysrhythmias, and neuromuscular disturbances. Prompt identification and management of electrolyte imbalances are essential in preventing further complications and supporting optimal patient outcomes.