Exhibits
Based on the client's status at 1400, the nurse should plan to do which of the following? Select all that apply.
Increase the fractional concentration of Inspired oxygen
Change the ventilator settings to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
Increase the respiratory rate
Continue weaning the ventilator as ordered
Decrease the tidal volume
Alert the provider of the blood gas values
Switch the ventilator to pressure control
Correct Answer : A,F,G
A. Increase the fractional concentration of Inspired oxygen: As the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO) has decreased to 64 mm Hg from 99 mm Hg, and the oxygen saturation may drop, it's necessary to increase the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) to maintain adequate oxygenation.
B. Change the ventilator settings to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP): CPAP is not typically used in patients who are intubated. CPAP is a non-invasive ventilation mode used for patients with respiratory distress who are breathing spontaneously. In this case, the patient is intubated and requires mechanical ventilation, so CPAP is not appropriate.
C. Increase the respiratory rate: While the respiratory rate has decreased from 15 to 13 breaths/minute, it's important to maintain a careful balance when adjusting ventilator settings. Increasing the respiratory rate may not be necessary at this point, especially if the patient is still oxygenating adequately. Moreover, the primary concern appears to be hypoxemia rather than hypoventilation.
D. Continue weaning the ventilator as ordered: While weaning the patient off the ventilator is a goal, it may not be appropriate at this time, especially with the worsening blood gas values
indicating respiratory insufficiency. Continuing the weaning process could potentially exacerbate respiratory failure.
E. Decrease the tidal volume: Decreasing the tidal volume could worsen ventilation-perfusion matching and exacerbate hypoxemia. This approach might be considered in certain cases of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or in patients with severe lung injury, but it's not typically indicated in this scenario without further assessment.
F. Alert the provider of the blood gas values: The nurse should inform the provider about the changes in blood gas values, especially the decrease in PaO2 and the increase in PaCO2, which indicate worsening respiratory status and potential respiratory acidosis.
G. Switch the ventilator to pressure control: Given the deterioration in respiratory status with an increase in PaCO2 and decrease in PaO2, switching to pressure control ventilation may provide better control over the patient's ventilation and oxygenation, especially in cases of acute
respiratory failure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I"]
Explanation
- Shaking is lessened: Shaking or tremors can be a manifestation of the body's response to stress or discomfort. A decrease in shaking suggests that the client's physiological response is returning to normal, indicating improvement.
- Client is no longer flushed: Flushing, or the reddening of the skin, can occur as a result of vasodilation during an allergic reaction or due to increased blood flow associated with elevated body temperature. The absence of flushing suggests that the body's inflammatory response has subsided, indicating resolution of the adverse reaction.
- No longer itching: Itching, or pruritus, is a common symptom of allergic reactions mediated by histamine release. The cessation of itching suggests that the inflammatory mediators responsible for the itching response have been cleared from the body, indicating resolution of the allergic reaction.
- Anxiety has decreased: Anxiety can be a psychological response to physical discomfort or distress. A decrease in anxiety levels suggests that the client is experiencing less discomfort and is psychologically improving, which can be indicative of recovery from the adverse drug reaction.
- Skin warm and dry: Warm and dry skin is a sign of normal thermoregulation and hydration status. The presence of warm and dry skin suggests that the client's body temperature andhydration levels are within normal limits, indicating physiological stability and recovery from the adverse drug reaction.
- Heart rate 62 beats/minute, blood pressure 130/72 mm Hg: Vital signs within normal limits, including a heart rate and blood pressure within the client's baseline range, indicate stability of cardiovascular function and resolution of any hemodynamic instability associated with the adverse drug reaction.
- No chest pain noted: Chest pain can be indicative of cardiovascular compromise or ischemia. The absence of chest pain suggests that the client's cardiovascular function has normalized, further supporting recovery from the adverse drug reaction.
- Respirations are even and unlabored: Even and unlabored respirations indicate normal respiratory function and adequate gas exchange. The absence of respiratory distress or effort suggests resolution of any respiratory complications associated with the adverse drug reaction.
- Drowsy: Drowsiness can be a side effect of medications such as antihistamines or a natural response to the body's recovery process. While drowsiness may persist for a period after the adverse drug reaction resolves, its presence alongside other signs of improvement suggests that the client's body is returning to a state of equilibrium.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Self-care deficit relative to motor disturbance. While self-care deficit is a concern for clients with Parkinson's disease due to motor disturbances, the highest priority is addressing the risk for aspiration to prevent potential life-threatening complications such as aspiration pneumonia.
B. Risk for aspiration relative to muscle weakness. Parkinson's disease can cause muscle weakness and impaired swallowing function, leading to an increased risk of aspiration.
Aspiration pneumonia is a severe complication that requires immediate attention, making this the highest priority nursing problem.
C. Risk for constipation relative to immobility. Constipation is a common problem in Parkinson's disease due to immobility and medication side effects. While constipation should be addressed, it is not as immediately life-threatening as the risk for aspiration.
D. Impaired physical mobility relative to muscle rigidity. Impaired physical mobility is a significant concern in Parkinson's disease, but muscle rigidity does not necessarily pose an
immediate risk of aspiration. Addressing impaired mobility is important for maintaining overall function and quality of life but may not be the highest priority in this scenario.
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