Exhibits
Review H and P, nurse's notes, and prescriptions.
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The thiazide diuretic works to decrease the client's blood pressure by
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"D","dropdown-group-3":"C"}
• Decreasing serum sodium levels: Thiazide diuretics reduce blood pressure primarily by promoting the excretion of sodium and water through the kidneys. This decreases blood volume, leading to lower blood pressure by reducing preload and overall circulatory volume.
• Reducing systemic vascular resistance: ACE inhibitors like lisinopril lower blood pressure by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor. This results in vasodilation and reduced systemic vascular resistance, decreasing the workload on the heart.
• Increasing heart rate: Neither thiazide diuretics nor ACE inhibitors primarily increase heart rate. In fact, reflex tachycardia may occur but is not their main mechanism of blood pressure reduction.
• Reducing stroke volume: ACE inhibitors reduce blood pressure by decreasing both systemic vascular resistance and stroke volume through afterload reduction and mild diuretic effect, which reduces cardiac workload.
• Suppressing the appetite: Neither drug class acts by suppressing appetite. Weight management is important for hypertension control but is unrelated to the direct pharmacologic effects of these medications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Take medication with meals: Taking baclofen with meals helps minimize gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and upset stomach. This instruction supports better medication tolerance and adherence.
B. Use a stool softener as needed: Baclofen can cause constipation due to its muscle-relaxant effects on smooth muscles, so using a stool softener as needed helps prevent or relieve constipation and promotes comfort.
C. Discontinue when spasms cease: Baclofen should not be stopped abruptly because sudden discontinuation can cause serious withdrawal symptoms such as increased spasticity, hallucinations, or seizures. Tapering the dose gradually under medical supervision is essential to avoid adverse effects.
D. Avoid the ingestion of alcohol: Alcohol can increase the sedative effects of baclofen, leading to excessive drowsiness, dizziness, or impaired coordination, which can increase the risk of falls or accidents. Avoiding alcohol is important for safety.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Administer levothyroxine at bed time: Levothyroxine is best taken in the morning to mimic the body’s natural hormone rhythm and to avoid interference from food, so taking it at bedtime is not standard unless specifically directed by the provider.
B. Take medication on an empty stomach: Levothyroxine absorption is optimal when taken on an empty stomach, ideally 30–60 minutes before breakfast, to avoid binding with food or other medications.
C. Avoid the use of iron supplements: Iron can interfere with levothyroxine absorption, but it can be taken if spaced at least 4 hours apart. Avoidance is not required, only timing adjustments.
D. Consume foods that are high in iodine: Excess iodine can actually disrupt thyroid function and is not recommended unless prescribed for a specific deficiency.
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