Exhibits
The practical nurse (PN) notifies the healthcare provider that the client continues to have signs of fluid volume deficit. The health care provider prescribes a continuous infusion of isotonic fluids.
Which fluid(s) is/are classified as isotonic? Select all that apply.
50% dextrose
0.45% sodium chloride
20% dextrose
5% dextrose
5% dextrose with 0.45% sodium chloride
5% dextrose with lactated Ringer's
lactated Ringer's
0.9% sodium chloride
Correct Answer : G,H
A. 50% dextrose
50% dextrose is not isotonic; it is a hypertonic solution. Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of solutes compared to the cells, causing water to move out of the cells and into the extracellular space, which does not treat fluid volume deficit effectively.
B. 0.45% sodium chloride
0.45% sodium chloride, also known as half-normal saline, is a hypotonic solution. Hypotonic solutions have a lower concentration of solutes compared to the cells, which would cause water to move into the cells rather than stay in the extracellular space to address fluid volume deficit.
C. 20% dextrose
20% dextrose is a hypertonic solution. It contains a higher concentration of dextrose compared to the extracellular fluid, which draws water into the extracellular space but is not used for treating fluid volume deficits.
D. 5% dextrose
5% dextrose (D5W) is initially isotonic but becomes hypotonic once metabolized, as the dextrose is used up and only water remains. It is not suitable for continuous isotonic fluid therapy for fluid volume deficit.
E. 5% dextrose with 0.45% sodium chloride
5% dextrose with 0.45% sodium chloride is a hypertonic solution. While it starts isotonic, it becomes hypotonic once the dextrose is metabolized, making it unsuitable for long-term isotonic fluid replacement.
F. 5% dextrose with lactated Ringer's
5% dextrose with lactated Ringer's is a hypertonic solution. It contains both dextrose and electrolytes, which are not purely isotonic and may not be ideal for addressing fluid volume deficits on their own.
G. Lactated Ringer's
Lactated Ringer's is an isotonic solution. It has a similar osmolarity to plasma and is used for fluid volume replacement, helping to restore blood volume and maintain electrolyte balance.
H. 0.9% sodium chloride
0.9% sodium chloride, or normal saline, is an isotonic solution. It has the same osmolarity as plasma and is commonly used for fluid volume replacement and maintaining hydration
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Reviewing the blood pressure measurement is not the primary concern here; the issue is that the UAP is using the incorrect arm for the measurement.
B. The blood pressure should be measured on the non-operative side. Measuring on the operative side can cause discomfort, potential injury, or interfere with the healing process.
C. Elevating the arm after recording the blood pressure is not a standard requirement post-mastectomy. The immediate concern is the proper measurement site for the blood pressure.
D. A manual blood pressure cuff is not required for accuracy in this situation; the key issue is to use the non-operative arm for measurement.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Encouraging the client to proceed with the surgery may dismiss their valid fears and does not address the underlying emotional concerns. It is important to acknowledge the client’s feelings rather than pressuring them to continue.
B. Notifying the charge nurse of the client’s concerns ensures that the client’s emotional state and any potential issues with informed consent are addressed appropriately. The charge nurse can facilitate further discussion with the surgical team to ensure the client’s concerns are managed and that the consent remains valid.
C. Documenting the client’s concerns is important for legal and clinical reasons, but it does not address the client’s immediate emotional needs or resolve their fears. The priority is to ensure the client’s concerns are addressed and escalated if necessary.
D. Reminding the client that consent has already been obtained does not validate their current emotional concerns and can be dismissive. The focus should be on addressing the client’s anxiety and exploring their concerns.
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