For each body system below, specify the potential manifestations that the client may experience.

Match each body system with the potential manifestation.

Choice A rationale

Elevating the client’s legs increases venous return, but it does not directly address the immediate cause of excessive bleeding, which is most often uterine atony.

Choice B rationale

Inserting a urinary catheter aids bladder emptying, which can support uterine contraction indirectly, but this is not the first action to control active bleeding.

Choice C rationale

Massaging the fundus promotes uterine contraction, which is the first-line intervention to control postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine atony.

Choice D rationale

Oxytocin administration enhances uterine contractions, but manual fundal massage is typically performed first to assess and manage uterine atony immediately.

Choice A rationale

Hyporeactivity is not typically associated with neonatal abstinence syndrome. Common indicators include heightened sensory sensitivity and autonomic dysregulation, leading to hyperactivity rather than hyporeactivity.

Choice B rationale

Excessive high-pitched crying results from central nervous system hyperirritability caused by withdrawal. Neonatal abstinence syndrome involves exaggerated responses to stimuli, reflecting the neonate’s difficulty in self-regulation.

Choice C rationale

Acrocyanosis, or bluish discoloration of the extremities, is a normal finding in newborns and not a specific indicator of neonatal abstinence syndrome. It resolves as circulation improves post-birth.

Choice D rationale

A respiratory rate of 50/min is within the normal range for neonates (30–60/min). Neonatal abstinence syndrome often presents with tachypnea, highlighting autonomic nervous system dysregulation.