In behavioral therapy, which of the following best describes the effect of random reinforcement on a client's behavior?
Slowest way to increase behavior but has a longer lasting effect.
it causes the client to only perform the behavior when prompted by immediate rewards.
It is less effective than fixed-ratio reinforcement for maintaining long-term behavior change.
Fastest way to increase behavior but does not last long after reward stops.
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Random reinforcement (also known as variable-ratio reinforcement) results in slower acquisition of a behavior but makes the behavior more resistant to extinction, meaning it continues longer even after the reinforcement stops.
B. This describes continuous reinforcement, not random reinforcement.
C. Random (variable-ratio) reinforcement is actually more effective than fixed-ratio for long-term maintenance because it keeps the behavior consistent due to unpredictability.
D. Rapid behavior increase with quick extinction is associated with continuous reinforcement, not random reinforcement.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Displacement involves transferring emotional responses from the original source of distress (the supervisor) to a safer or more acceptable substitute target (family members).
B. Denial is the refusal to accept reality or facts, often to avoid painful emotions, and is not demonstrated in this scenario.
C. Projection involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone else (e.g., accusing others of being angry when you're angry).
D. Sublimation is a healthy defense mechanism where negative impulses are channeled into positive, socially acceptable activities (e.g., exercising or creating art instead of acting out anger).
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Open-ended questions are more effective when anxiety is mild to moderate, not when the client is in a panic state and unable to process information.
B. Exploring anxiety triggers requires a higher level of cognitive function, which is impaired in severe or panic-level anxiety.
C. The client is displaying signs of panic-level anxiety (disorientation, inability to follow instructions, hyperventilation). In this state, the nurse should use short, clear, and direct instructions delivered in a calm, firm tone to promote safety and grounding.
D. Educational materials are not helpful during panic; the client is not in a state to absorb new information.
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